PRECAUTION

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1.  Any one or a combination of the ABS warning illuminates even when the system is normal.

Warning lights that may illuminate and/or flash	Cases in which the light may illuminate	Conditions in which the light will go out	ABS control
•  ABS warning light	When the front wheels are jacked up, stuck, or placed on a chassis roller, and only the front wheel ABS wheel-speed sensors are spun.	After turning ignition switch or engine switch off, vehicle is driven at speed greater than 12 km/h {7.5 mph} and normal operation is confirmed.	•  ABS: Cuts control.
	Parking brake is not fully released while driving.
	Brake drag.
	Sudden acceleration/deceleration.
	Left/right or front/rear tires are different. (Size, radius, tire pressure, or wear is other than that listed on tire label.)
	Battery voltage at ABS HU/CM ignition terminal J drops below approx. 10 V.(*1)	Battery voltage rises above approx. 10 V.	ABS: Cuts control.
	Battery voltage at ABS HU/CM ignition terminal J rises above approx. 16 V.(*2)	Battery voltage drops below approx. 16 V.	ABS: Cuts control.

2.  Precautions during servicing of ABS

The ABS is composed of electrical and mechanical parts. It is necessary to categorize malfunctions as being either electrical or hydraulic when performing troubleshooting.

(1)  Malfunctions in electrical system

•  The ABS hydraulic unit and control module (ABS HU/CM) has an on-board diagnostic function. With this function, the ABS warning light and/or BRAKE system warning light will illuminate when there is a problem in the electrical system. Also, past and present malfunctions are recorded in the ABS HU/CM. This function can find malfunctions that do not occur during periodic inspections. Connect the M-MDS to the DLC-2. The stored malfunctions will be displayed in the order of occurrence. To find out the causes of ABS malfunctions, use these on-board diagnostic results.

•  If a malfunction occurred in the past but is now normal, the cause is likely a temporary poor connection of the wiring harness. The ABS HU/CM usually operates normally. Be careful when searching for the cause of malfunction.

•  After repair, it is necessary to clear the DTC from the ABS HU/CM memory. Also, if the ABS related parts have been replaced, verify that the no DTC has been displayed after repairs.

•  After repairing the ABS wheel-speed sensor or ABS sensor rotor, or after replacing the ABS CM (ABS motor or ABS motor relay or solenoid valve), the ABS warning light may not go out even when the ignition switch or engine switch is turned to the ON position. In this case, drive the vehicle at a speed of 12 km/h {7.5 mph} or more, make sure that ABS warning light goes out, and then clear the DTC.

•  When repairing, if the ABS related connectors are disconnected and the ignition switch or engine switch is turned to the ON position, the ABS CM will mistakenly detect a fault and record it as a malfunction.

•  To protect the ABS HU/CM, make sure the ignition switch or engine switch is turned off before connecting or disconnecting the ABS CM connector.

(2)  Malfunctions in hydraulic system

•  Symptoms in a hydraulic system malfunction are similar to those in a conventional brake malfunction. However, it is necessary to determine if the malfunction is in an ABS component or the conventional brake system.

•  The ABS hydraulic unit contains delicate mechanical parts. If foreign material enters into the component, the ABS may fail to operate. Also, it will likely become extremely difficult to find the location of the malfunction in the event that the brakes operate but the ABS does not. Make sure foreign material does not enter when servicing the ABS (e.g. brake fluid replacement, pipe removal).

Intermittent Concern Troubleshooting

Vibration method

•  If a malfunction occurs or becomes worse while driving on a rough road or when engine is vibrating, perform the following steps.

Note

•  There are several reasons why vehicle or engine vibration could cause an electrical malfunction. Inspect the following:

―  Connectors not fully seated.

―  Wiring harness not having full play.

―  Wiring harness laying across brackets or moving parts.

―  Wiring harness routed too close to hot parts.

•  An improperly routed, improperly clamped, or loose wiring harness can cause pinching between parts.

•  The connector joints, points of vibration, and places where wiring harness pass through the firewall, body panels, etc. are the major areas to be inspected.

Inspection method for switch connectors or wiring harnesses

1.  Connect the M-MDS to the DLC-2.

2.  Turn the ignition switch or engine switch to the ON position (Engine OFF).

Note

•  If the engine starts and runs, perform the following steps at idle.

3.  Access PIDs for the switch you are inspecting.

4.  Turn the switch on manually.

5.  Slightly shake each connector or wiring harness vertically and horizontally while monitoring the PID.

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•  If the PID value is unstable, inspect poor connection.

Inspection method for sensor connectors or wiring harnesses

1.  Connect the M-MDS to the DLC-2.

2.  Turn the ignition switch or engine switch to the ON position (Engine OFF).

Note

•  If the engine starts and runs, perform the following steps at idle.

3.  Access PIDs for the switch you are inspecting.

4.  Slightly shake each connector or wiring harness vertically and horizontally while monitoring the PID.

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•  If the PID value is unstable, inspect poor connection.

Inspection method for sensors

1.  Connect the M-MDS to the DLC-2.

2.  Turn the ignition switch or engine switch to the ON position (Engine OFF).

Note

•  If the engine starts and runs, perform the following steps at idle.

3.  Access PIDs for the switch you are inspecting.

4.  Vibrate the sensor slightly with your finger.

•  If the PID value is unstable or a malfunction occurs, inspect the sensor for poor connection and/or poor mounting.

Malfunction data monitor method

1.  Perform malfunction reappearance test according to malfunction reappearance mode and malfunction data monitor. The malfunction cause is found in the malfunction data.

Connector terminal inspection method

1.  Inspect the connection of each female terminal.

2.  Insert the male terminal to the female terminal and Inspect the female terminal for looseness.

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