TIRE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM (TPMS)

id021200201000

Purpose

Caution

•  A wheel unit installed to each wheel has its own preset identification code. If a component part is replaced, the system becomes inoperative because the instrument cluster cannot recognize the identification codes. Therefore, always perform the identification code configuration for the wheel units when any of the following items have been performed. For the identification code configuration procedure, refer to the workshop manual.

―  Wheel unit replacement

―  Instrument cluster replacement

Note

•  Adjust the tire pressure before driving and while they are cold. (When tires are cold)

•  Tire pressure changes due to changes in the ambient temperature and the internal temperature of a tire.

―  In regions and seasons with changing temperatures, the tire pressure changes due to ambient temperature changes. If the tire pressure is lower than the lower-limit pressure due to low ambient temperature, the TPMS warning light may turn on. When the TPMS warning light turns on, adjust the tire pressure.

―  Tire pressure is high after driving because the internal temperature of the tires is high. If the tire pressure is adjusted to the standard when the internal temperature of the tire is high, the tire pressure lowers when the internal temperature decreases to the same level as the ambient temperature. If the tire pressure decreases below the lower-limit pressure, the TPMS warning light might turn on.

•  Generally, if the temperature changes by 10 °C {18 °F}, the air pressure changes by 10 kPa {0.10 kgf/cm², 1.5 psi}.

Functions

―  Identification code recognition function

•  Identifies whether the signals from the wheel units are those of the vehicle.

―  Tire pressure determination/warning function

•  Determines whether the tire pressure information transmitted from the wheel units is within the specified range.

•  If the tire pressure is lower than the specification, it alerts the driver using the TPMS warning light and TPMS warning alarm.

Construction

Part name		Function
Wheel unit		•  Monitors the air pressure, temperature, and acceleration rate of each tire, and sends RF signals. •  Sends information if any malfunction is detected in the wheel unit.
Keyless receiver		•  Transmits the information from the wheel units to the instrument cluster.
Start stop unit		•  Receives information from the keyless receiver. •  Inputs the information to the instrument cluster.
PCM	Vehicle speed signal	•  Inputs the vehicle speed signal to the instrument cluster via CAN communication.
Instrument cluster		•  Receives information from the keyless receiver and monitors the air pressure of each tire. If it determines that the tire pressure is abnormal, it controls the TPMS warning light and TPMS warning alarm to alert the driver. ―  TPMS warning light •  If the instrument cluster detects abnormal tire pressure or a system malfunction, it turns the light on to alert the driver. ―  TPMS warning alarm •  If the instrument cluster detects abnormal tire pressure or a system malfunction, it activates the alarm to alert the driver.

System structural view

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System wiring diagram

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Operation

•  With the TPMS, the instrument cluster receives information (RF signals) sent from the wheel units to detect the air pressure and temperature in each tire, and the tire acceleration rate.

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Identification code recognition function

•  The instrument cluster configures the identification codes of the wheel units equipped to the vehicle and it has a function for verifying the identification codes sent from the wheel units against the configured identification codes.

•  If the received identification codes match the configured identification codes, the information such as the tire pressure is updated based on the received RF signals. If the identification codes do not match, the information of those signals is ignored.

Tire pressure determination and warning function

•  The instrument cluster determines the pressure condition of each tire by comparing the tire pressure information received from the wheel units with the value preset in the instrument cluster.

•  If an abnormality is detected from the received signals, the instrument cluster flashes the TPMS warning light to notify the driver of the tire abnormality.

•  Notification/warning concerning abnormal tire pressure determination takes priority over wheel unit signal missing or malfunction determination notification/warning.

Low pressure determination

•  If the tire pressure information indicates a tire pressure that is below the specification configured in the instrument cluster, the instrument cluster determines that the air pressure of the tire installed on the particular wheel unit is low.

―  If low tire pressure is determined while the ignition is switched ON (engine off or on), the TPMS warning light is turned on and the TPMS warning alarm is activated for 3 s to alert the driver.

―  If low tire pressure is determined while the ignition is switched OFF, the instrument cluster performs an open-circuit check^*1 on the TPMS warning light after the ignition is switched ON (engine off or on) and it turns on the TPMS warning light and activates the TPMS warning alarm for 3 s to alert the driver.

^*1: The instrument cluster turns on the TPMS warning light for 3 s after the ignition is switched ON to do an open-circuit check on the TPMS warning light.

•  The low-pressure determination remains in effect until tire pressure information sent from the applicable wheel unit returns to the specified value.

―  If tire pressure information is received that indicates tire pressure exceeding the specified value while the ignition is switched ON (engine off or on), the instrument cluster turns the TPMS warning light off.

―  If high tire pressure is determined while the ignition is switched OFF, the instrument cluster performs an open-circuit check^*1 on the TPMS warning light after the ignition is switched OFF (engine off or on) and it turns off the TPMS warning light.

^*1: The instrument cluster turns on the TPMS warning light for 3 s after the ignition is switched ON to do an open-circuit check on the TPMS warning light.

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