• The turbocharger consists of the turbine wheel, compressor wheel, wastegate valve, and wastegate actuator.

• When exhaust gas flows to the turbocharger turbine wheel, the coaxial compressor wheel rotates and intake air is pressurized.

• When the air charging pressure rises, the wastegate actuator opens the wastegate valve, which lowers the exhaust gas pressure, and an excessive increase of air charging pressure is suppressed.