NO.19 EXHAUST SMOKE [ZJ, ZY]

id0103b0802500

19

EXHAUST SMOKE
DESCRIPTION
•  Blue, black, or white smoke from exhaust system.
POSSIBLE CAUSE
Blue smoke (Burning oil):
•  PCV valve malfunction
•  Engine internal oil leakage
White smoke (Water in combustion):
•  Cooling system malfunction (coolant loss)
•  Engine internal coolant leakage
Black smoke (Rich fuel mixture):
•  Air cleaner restriction
•  Intake-air system is collapsed or restricted
•  Fuel return line is restricted
•  Continuous memory DTC is stored
•  Injector fuel leakage
•  Excessive fuel pressure
•  Spark plug malfunction
•  CMP sensor malfunction
•  Improper engine compression
•  Improper fuel injection timing and amount
•  PCM malfunction
Warning
The following troubleshooting flow chart contains the fuel system diagnosis and repair procedures. Read the following warnings before performing the fuel system services:
•  Fuel vapor is hazardous. It can easily ignite, causing serious injury and damage. Always keep sparks and flames away from fuel.
•  Fuel line spills and leakage are dangerous. Fuel can ignite and cause serious injuries or death and damage. Fuel can also irritate skin and eyes. To prevent this, always complete the “BEFORE SERVICE PRECAUTION” and “AFTER SERVICE PRECAUTION” described in this manual. (See BEFORE SERVICE PRECAUTION [ZJ, ZY].) (See AFTER SERVICE PRECAUTION [ZJ, ZY].)
Caution
•  If there is foreign material on the connecting area of the quick release connector, it might damage the connector or fuel pipe. To prevent this, disconnect the connector and clean the connecting area before connecting.

Diagnostic procedure

STEP

INSPECTION

ACTION
1
What color is smoke coming from the exhaust system?
Blue
Burning oil is indicated.
•  Go to the next step.
White
Water in combustion is indicated.
•  Go to Step 3.
Black
Rich fuel mixture is indicated.
•  Go to Step 4.
2
Inspect the PCV valve operation.
(See POSITIVE CRANKCASE VENTILATION (PCV) VALVE INSPECTION [ZJ, ZY].)
Is there any malfunction?
Yes
Replace the PCV valve and the oil separator as a single unit.
(See POSITIVE CRANKCASE VENTILATION (PCV) VALVE REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [ZJ, ZY].)
No
Inspect the following:
•  Blocked oil drain passage in cylinder head
•  Damaged cylinder bore
•  Damaged valve guide, stems or valve seals
•  Piston ring is not seated, seized or worn
Repair or replace the malfunctioning part according to the inspection results.
•  If other drivability symptoms are present:
―  Return to diagnostic index to service any additional symptoms.
3
Does the cooling system hold pressure?
Yes
Inspect the following:
•  Cracked or porous engine block
•  Cylinder head gasket leakage
•  Intake manifold gasket leakage
Repair or replace the malfunctioning part according to the inspection results.
•  If other drivability symptoms are present:
―  Return to diagnostic index to service any additional symptoms.
No
Inspect for cause.
Repair or replace the malfunctioning part according to the inspection results.
4
Inspect the following:
•  Air cleaner restriction
•  Collapsed or restricted intake-air system
•  Restricted fuel return line
Is there any malfunction?
Yes
Repair or replace the malfunctioning part according to the inspection results.
Repeat Step 4.
No
Go to the next step.
5
Perform the KOEO and KOER self test.
(See KOEO/KOER SELF TEST [ZJ, ZY].)
Are any continuous memory DTCs present?
Yes
Go to the appropriate DTC inspection.
(See DTC TABLE [ZJ, ZY].)
No
Go to the next step.
6
Install the fuel pressure gauge between the fuel pipe and the fuel distributor.
Start the engine and idle it.
Measure the fuel line pressure during idle.
Is the fuel line pressure correct during idle?
(See FUEL LINE PRESSURE INSPECTION [ZJ, ZY].)
Yes
Go to the next step.
No
Low:
•  Inspect the fuel line for clogging.
―  If there is no malfunction:
•  Replace the fuel pump unit.
―  If there is a malfunction:
•  Repair or replace the malfunctioning part according to the inspection results.
High:
•  Replace the fuel pump unit.
7
Perform the Spark Test.
(See ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM OPERATION INSPECTION [ZJ, ZY].)
Is the strong blue spark visible at each cylinder?
Yes
Go to the next step.
No
Repair or replace the malfunctioning part according to the inspection results.
8
Inspect the CMP sensor.
(See CAMSHAFT POSITION (CMP) SENSOR INSPECTION [ZJ, ZY].)
Is there any malfunction?
Yes
Repair or replace the malfunctioning part according to the inspection results.
(See CAMSHAFT POSITION (CMP) SENSOR REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [ZJ, ZY].)
No
Go to the next step.
9
Measure the compression pressure for each cylinder.
(See COMPRESSION INSPECTION [ZJ, ZY].)
Are compression pressures within the specification?
Yes
Inspect the fuel injector for each cylinder.
(See FUEL INJECTOR INSPECTION [ZJ, ZY].)
Replace the suspected fuel injector.
(See FUEL INJECTOR REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [ZJ, ZY].)
No
Inspect for the following:
•  Damaged valve seat
•  Worn valve stem and valve guide
•  Worn or stuck piston ring
•  Worn piston, piston ring or cylinder
•  Improper valve timing
Repair or replace the malfunctioning part according to the inspection results.
10
Verify test results.
•  If normal, return to the diagnostic index to service any additional symptoms.
•  If the malfunction remains, inspect the related Service Information and perform the repair or diagnosis.
―  If the vehicle is repaired, troubleshooting is completed.
―  If the vehicle is not repaired or additional diagnostic information is not available, replace the PCM.