NO.13 KNOCKING/PINGING-ACCELERATION/CRUISE [SKYACTIV-G 2.5 (WITH CYLINDER DEACTIVATION)]

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13

KNOCKING/PINGING-ACCELERATION/CRUISE
DESCRIPTION
•  Abnormal combustion occurs under the condition such as the temperature in the combustion chamber is too high resulting in abnormal noise.
•  Knocking sound occurs from the engine compartment during acceleration.
POSSIBLE CAUSE
•  Poor fuel quality
―  Fuel RON is not specified
―  Excessive cleaning agents added in fuel
•  Poor connection of KS, wiring harness
•  The following information for calculating ignition timing is incorrect:
―  KS signal
―  ECT sensor signal
―  IAT sensor No.2 (integrated in MAP sensor) signal
―  MAF sensor signal
•  Air suction in intake-air system
―  MAP sensor signal
•  Combustion temperature is high
―  Cooling system malfunction
―  Carbon accumulation
―  Use of non-genuine spark plug
Warning
The following troubleshooting flow chart contains the fuel system diagnosis and repair procedures. Read the following warnings before performing the fuel system services:
•  Fuel vapor is hazardous. It can easily ignite, causing serious injury and damage. Always keep sparks and flames away from fuel.
•  Fuel line spills and leakage are dangerous. Fuel can ignite and cause serious injury or death and damage. Fuel can also irritate skin and eyes. To prevent this, always complete “BEFORE SERVICE PRECAUTION” and “AFTER SERVICE PRECAUTION” described in this manual. (See BEFORE SERVICE PRECAUTION [SKYACTIV-G 2.5 (WITH CYLINDER DEACTIVATION)].) (See AFTER SERVICE PRECAUTION [SKYACTIV-G 2.5 (WITH CYLINDER DEACTIVATION)].)
Caution
•  Disconnecting/connecting the quick release connector without cleaning it may possibly cause damage to the fuel pipe and quick release connector. Always clean the quick release connector joint area before disconnecting/connecting, and make sure that it is free of foreign matter.

Caution
•  Verify the malfunction symptom according to not only the PID value but also the symptom troubleshooting.

Related PIDs

Item (definition)

Unit/Condition

Definition

Condition/Specification (Reference)
BARO
KPa {MPa}, mBar {Bar}, psi, in H20
Barometric pressure
•  Displays BARO
ECT
°C, °F
Engine coolant temperature
•  Displays ECT
V
•  ECT is 20 °C {68 °F}: Approx. 3.10 V
•  ECT is 40 °C {104 °F}: Approx. 2.16 V
•  ECT is 60 °C {140 °F}: Approx. 1.40 V
•  ECT is 80 °C {176 °F}: Approx. 0.87 V
•  ECT is 100 °C {212 °F}: Approx. 0.54 V
IAT2
°C, °F
IAT sensor No.2 voltage
•  Displays IAT (No.2)
V
•  IAT2 is 20 °C {68 °F}: Approx. 3.57 V
•  IAT2 is 40 °C {104 °F}: Approx. 2.70 V
•  IAT2 is 60 °C {140 °F}: Approx. 1.87 V
MAF
g/Sec
Mass air flow
•  Displays MAF
V
•  Ignition switched ON (engine off) (MAF: 0.00 g/s {0 lb/min}): Approx. 1.69 V (ECT is 53 °C {127 °F})
•  Idle (after warm up) (MAF: 2.50 g/s {0.331 lb/min}): Approx. 1.89 V (ECT is 93 °C {199 °F})
•  Racing (engine speed is 2,000 rpm) (MAF: 3.80 g/s {0.503 lb/min}): Approx. 2.02 V (ECT is 95 °C {203 °F})
MAP
KPa {MPa}, mBar {Bar}, psi, in H20
Manifold absolute pressure
•  Displays MAP

Diagnostic Procedure

STEP

INSPECTION

RESULTS

ACTION
1
VERIFY PCM DTC
•  Retrieve any DTCs using the M-MDS.
•  Are any DTCs present?
Yes
Go to the applicable DTC inspection.
(See DTC TABLE [PCM (SKYACTIV-G 2.5 (WITH CYLINDER DEACTIVATION))].)
No
Go to the next step.
2
REPLACE FUEL
•  Drain the remaining fuel in the fuel tank and add the specified fuel.
•  Leave idling for approx. 15 min to refill the hose with fuel.
•  Does the symptom disappear?
Yes
Symptom troubleshooting completed.
(If customer has used fuel additive, give them advice not to use it)
No
Go to the next step.
3
VERIFY IF MALFUNCTION CAUSE IS OVERHEATING
•  Access the ECT PID using the M-MDS.
Caution
•  While performing this step, always operate the vehicle in a safe and lawful manner.
•  When the M-MDS is used to observe monitor system status while driving, be sure to have another technician with you, or record the data in the M-MDS using the PID/DATA MONITOR AND RECORD capturing function and inspect later.
•  Is the ECT PID value less than 116 °C {241 °F} during driving?
Yes
Go to the next step.
No
The cause of this concern could be from the cooling system overheating.
•  Perform the symptom troubleshooting “NO.17 COOLING SYSTEM CONCERNS-OVERHEATING”.
4
VERIFY SPARK PLUG CONDITION
•  Remove all spark plugs.
•  Inspect the spark plug.
•  Is there any malfunction?
Yes
Replace the spark plug.
(See SPARK PLUG REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-G 2.5 (WITH CYLINDER DEACTIVATION)].)
No
Go to the next step.
5
INSPECT INTAKE AIR SYSTEM FOR AIR SUCTION
•  Verify if there is air suction into the intake air system (such as between MAF sensor and intake valve, vacuum hose).
•  Is there any malfunction?
Yes
Repair or replace the malfunctioning part according to the inspection results.
No
Go to the next step.
6
INSPECT MAP SENSOR
•  Access the following PIDs using the M-MDS:
―  MAP
―  BARO
•  Measure the intake manifold vacuum when idling (no load).
•  Does the difference between PIDs BARO and MAP nearly match the intake manifold vacuum value?
Yes
Go to the next step.
No
Replace the MAP sensor/IAT sensor No.2.
(See MANIFOLD ABSOLUTE PRESSURE (MAP) SENSOR/INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE (IAT) SENSOR NO.2 REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-G 2.5 (WITH CYLINDER DEACTIVATION)].)
7
INSPECT MAF SENSOR
•  Inspect the MAF sensor.
•  Is there any malfunction?
Yes
Replace the MAF sensor/IAT sensor No.1.
(See MASS AIR FLOW (MAF) SENSOR/INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE (IAT) SENSOR NO.1 REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-G 2.5 (WITH CYLINDER DEACTIVATION)].)
No
Go to the next step.
8
INSPECT IAT SENSOR NO.2
•  Inspect the IAT sensor No.2 resistance.
•  Is there any malfunction?
Yes
Replace the MAP sensor/IAT sensor No.2.
(See MANIFOLD ABSOLUTE PRESSURE (MAP) SENSOR/INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE (IAT) SENSOR NO.2 REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-G 2.5 (WITH CYLINDER DEACTIVATION)].)
No
Go to the next step.
9
INSPECT ECT SENSOR
•  Inspect the ECT sensor resistance.
•  Is there any malfunction?
Yes
Replace the ECT sensor.
(See ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE (ECT) SENSOR REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-G 2.5 (WITH CYLINDER DEACTIVATION)].)
No
Go to the next step.
10
INSPECT KS
•  Inspect the KS.
•  Is there any malfunction?
Yes
Replace the KS, then go to the next step.
(See KNOCK SENSOR (KS) REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-G 2.5 (WITH CYLINDER DEACTIVATION)].)
No
Remove the accumulated matter in the cylinder head using the following procedure:
•  Carbon remover
•  Overhauling
Go to the next step.
11
Verify the test results.
•  If normal, return to the diagnostic index to service any additional symptoms.
•  If the malfunction remains, inspect the related Service Bulletins and/or On-line Repair Information and perform repair or diagnosis.
―  If the vehicle is repaired, troubleshooting is completed.
―  If the vehicle is not repaired or additional diagnostic information is not available, reprogram the PCM if a later calibration is available. Retest.