Keyless Entry: Description and Operation

Keyless Entry System Description and Operation

The keyless entry system is a vehicle entry device. The keyless entry system is used in conjunction with the door locks to unlock the vehicle. Keyless entry will lock/unlock the vehicle doors or open the rear compartment lid when a corresponding button on the keyless entry transmitter is pressed. This is accomplished by the transmitter sending a radio frequency to the remote control door lock receiver antenna that has a direct link to the body control module (BCM). The BCM interprets the signal and activates the requested function or request the appropriate control module to activate the function via a serial data message. A low transmitter battery or radio frequency interference from aftermarket devices, such as 2-way radios, power inverters, computers, etc., may cause a system malfunction. High radio frequency traffic areas, such as gas stations that use pay-at-the-pump radio frequency transponders, may also cause interference that could lead to a malfunction. Keyless entry allows you to operate the following features:

* Door lock/unlock
* Trunk release
* Vehicle locator/Panic alarm
* Remote vehicle starting, if equipped

The keyless entry system has the following components:

* Keyless entry transmitters
* BCM
* Remote control door lock receiver

Keyless Entry Transmitters

Note: When the vehicle key is in the ignition, keyless entry functions from the keyless entry transmitter are disabled.

The keyless entry transmitters are used to lock and unlock the vehicle door while away from the immediate are of the vehicle. Vehicles without remote vehicle start will operate at a distance of up to 20 m (65 ft) away, except for Japanese and South Korean vehicles, which are limited to 4 m (16 feet). Vehicles with remote vehicle start will operate at a distance of up to 60 m (195 ft) away. Up to 8 transmitters may be programmed to a single vehicle. The keyless entry transmitter is an integral part of the vehicle key.

Body Control Module (BCM)

The BCM is a multifunction module that operates the keyless entry system. When an radio frequency message is received from a keyless entry transmitter, the BCM interprets this signal and performs the specific function, i.e. door lock, door unlock, or vehicle locate.

Remote Control Door Lock Receiver

The remote control door lock receiver acts as an antenna for the keyless entry system and communicates with the BCM through a dedicated serial data link. When a button is pressed on a keyless entry transmitter, the remote control door lock receiver receives this signal and sends the request to the BCM. The BCM interprets the signal and performs the specific function, i.e. door lock, door unlock, or vehicle locate.

Unlock Doors

Momentarily press the transmitter UNLOCK button in order to perform the following functions:

* Unlock only the driver door or all doors; this is customized through the DIC.
* Illuminate the interior lamps for a determined length of time or until the ignition is turned ON.
* Flash the exterior lights; this is customized through the DIC.
* Disarm the content theft deterrent system, if equipped.
* Deactivate the content theft deterrent system when in the alarm mode.

Lock All Doors

Press the transmitter LOCK button to perform the following functions:

* Lock all vehicle doors.
* Immediately turn OFF the interior lamps.
* Flash the exterior lights and/or sound the horn; this is customized through the DIC.
* Arm the content theft deterrent system.

Trunk Release

Press the trunk release button on the transmitter to open the trunk.

Vehicle Locator/Panic Alarm

A single press of the panic button performs the following functions. Some functions may be dependent on personalization settings:

* Pulse the horn 3 times.
* Flash the exterior lamps 3 times.

A press and hold of the panic button performs the following functions:

* Illuminate the interior lamps.
* Pulse the horn and flash the exterior lamps for 30 seconds or until the following conditions occur:

- The panic button is pressed.
- The ignition switch is turned to the RUN position with a valid key.

Remote Vehicle Start, if equipped

The remote vehicle start function allows engine starting while not in the vehicle. It also allows the vehicle HVAC system and other vehicle systems to enable, providing a comfortable vehicle upon entry. Remote Vehicle Start functions have an operating range of up to 195 feet, depending on conditions. The remote vehicle start sequence begins by pressing and releasing the lock button and then pressing and holding the remote vehicle start buttons on the keyless entry transmitter. The turn signal lamps will illuminate to indicate the vehicle has received the remote start request. Each time an remote vehicle start is performed, the vehicle doors are locked, however they may then be unlocked/locked with the transmitter or vehicle key at any time. Once activated, the engine is allowed to run for 10 minutes. The remote vehicle start time may be extended by an additional 10 minutes by again pressing and releasing the lock button and then pressing and holding the remote vehicle start buttons on the transmitter. This feature is called a remote vehicle start continue and allows a maximum of 20 minutes of engine running. If the remote vehicle start continue is performed at 7 minutes into the initial 10 minute time-out, a total of 17 minutes of engine running would occur. The remote vehicle start event may be suspended at any time by pressing only the remote vehicle start button on the transmitter or by entering the vehicle and turning ON the hazard lamps.

In between ignition cycles, only 2 remote vehicle start events may occur or be attempted. Once 2 events or attempts have been made, future remote vehicle start events will be suspended until the vehicle is started using the ignition.

Enable/Disable Remote Vehicle Start

Using the driver information center, remote vehicle start may be enabled or disabled as a part of vehicle personalization.

Hood Ajar Switch

The hood switch provides status of the hood to the BCM for remote vehicle start purposes. The switch is integrated into the hood latch assembly. The hood ajar switch provides 2 separate inputs to the BCM. These separate inputs allow the BCM to actively monitor for a hood ajar switch fault.

Remote Vehicle Start Circuit Description

The BCM receives a signal from the keyless entry transmitter indicating a remote vehicle start request. A message is then sent to the BCM which determines if a crank request message will be sent to the ECM to allow engine starting. To determine if conditions are correct for an remote vehicle start event, the BCM will ensure the following conditions are met:

* A valid hood ajar switch closed signal is present.
* The doors are locked.
* The hazard switch is OFF.
* The vehicle power mode is correct.
* No content theft deterrent alarm triggers are present.

When the BCM determines all conditions meet those required for an remote vehicle start event, a message is sent via serial data to the ECM. The ECM relies on the remote vehicle start message from BCM to enable remote vehicle start when the crank request signal is received. If the ECM does not receive a valid remote vehicle start message, it will not attempt to start the engine. While the ECM is in remote vehicle start mode it will suspend engine operation if any of the following additional conditions occur:

* Vehicle speed is greater than 0.
* Transmission is not in PARK.
* Excessive engine coolant temperature
* Low oil pressure
* The malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) is commanded ON.
* Engine crank time is greater than 30 seconds.
* Excessive engine speed
* Accelerator pedal position too high
* Remote start timer equals 0.
* Immobilizer system indicates tamper

Keyless Entry Personalization

Vehicle lock/unlock functions and remote vehicle start remote vehicle start settings may be personalized.