Proper Tools and Testing Procedures

DIGITAL VOLT/OHM METER
Use a Digital Volt-Ohm Meter (DVOM) with a minimum 10 mega-ohms internal impedance when testing any PCM or related components, unless use of an analog meter is specified by a testing procedure. (Analog meters have low internal impedance and cause circuit "loading" in low voltage circuits, resulting in inaccurate measurements and possible damage to components). Use of a DVOM is necessary to obtain accurate measurements and avoid damaging low voltage computer circuits and components.

TESTING PROCEDURES
Always follow recommended testing procedures. Never ground or apply voltage to a circuit unless specified by a testing procedure. PCM's, i.e. Engine Controller's, Anti-lock Brake Controllers etc., provide a regulated constant low voltage source to some circuits, which may require a minimum resistance (impedance) to operate. Directly grounding or applying battery power to these circuits could damage the module and cause a system failure.