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Horns Malfunction (with VD1)




Horns Malfunction (with VD1)

Diagnostic Instructions

* Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle (with HP2) (Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview)Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle (without HP2) (Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview) prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
* Review Strategy Based Diagnosis (Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview) for an overview of the diagnostic approach.
* Diagnostic Procedure Instructions (Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview) provides an overview of each diagnostic category.

Diagnostic Fault Information





Circuit/System Description

Battery positive voltage is applied at all times to the horn relay coil and the horn relay switch. Pressing the horn switch applies ground through the switch contacts and the horn relay control circuit to the coil side of the relay, energizing the relay. Battery voltage is then applied through the switch side of the relay, the horn fuse, and the horn control circuit to the horns. The body control module (BCM) may also apply ground to the horn relay control circuit as described above. The horns sound as long as ground is applied to the horn relay control circuit.

Diagnostic Aids

A short to ground in the horn relay control circuit or a short to voltage in the horn control circuit will cause the horn to sound continuously until the horn overheats and become inoperative.

Rotate the steering wheel while pressing the horn pad to identify intermittent and poor connections within the steering column.

If diagnosing a Horn- Poor Tone condition, inspect the following:

* Debris or water in the horn assembly.
* Proper horn mounting hardware torque. Refer to Fastener Tightening Specifications (Specifications).
* Debris in the joint where the horns attach to the vehicle.
* Debris in direct contact with the horn
* Vehicle components vibrating while the horn is sounding

Reference Information
Schematic Reference

Horn Schematics (Electrical Diagrams)
Connector End View Reference

Component Connector End Views (Connector Views)
Description and Operation

Horns System Description and Operation (Description and Operation)
Electrical Information Reference

* Circuit Testing (Component Tests and General Diagnostics)
* Connector Repairs (Component Tests and General Diagnostics)
* Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections (Component Tests and General Diagnostics)
* Wiring Repairs (Component Tests and General Diagnostics)

Scan Tool Reference

Control Module References (Programming and Relearning) for scan tool information.

Circuit/System Verification

1. Ignition OFF, connect a test lamp between the HORN fuse test point and ground.
2. Press and release the horn switch. The test lamp should turn ON and OFF when changing between the commanded states.

• If the test lamp is always ON or always OFF, refer to Horn Switch Circuit Test.

3. Ignition ON, command the Horn ON and OFF with a scan tool. The test lamp should turn ON and OFF when changing between the commanded states.

• If the test lamp does not illuminate, test the control circuit terminal 18 at the BCM harness connector X5 for a short to voltage or an open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal, replace the BCM.

4. Connect a 15A fused jumper wire between the HORN fuse test point and B+. The right horns should sound and emit a clear and even tone.

• If the horns do not sound, refer to Right Horn Circuit Test.

• If the sound emitted is not clear and even, refer to Right Horn - Poor Tone.

5. Connect a 20A fused jumper wire between the HDLMP WASH fuse test point and B+. The left horn should sound and emit a clear and even tone.

• If the left horn does not sound, refer to Left Horn Circuit Test.
• If the sound emitted is not clear and even, refer to Left Horn - Poor Tone.

Circuit/System Testing

Horn Switch Circuit Test
1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the horn switch.
2. Test for less than 1 ohm between the ground circuit terminal B and ground.

• If greater than the specified range, test the ground circuit for and open/high resistance.

3. Connect the harness connector at the horn switch.
4. Disconnect the X4 harness connector at the underhood fuse block.
5. Connect a test lamp between B+ and the control circuit terminal G1.
6. Press and release the horn switch. The test lamp should turn ON and OFF when changing between the commanded states.

• If the test lamp is always ON, test the control circuit for a short to ground or a sticking horn switch. If the circuit tests normal, replace the BCM.
• If the test lamp is always OFF, test the control circuit for a short to voltage, an open high resistance, or a horn switch which is not closing.

7. Ignition OFF, connect the harness connector at the underhood fuse block. Disconnect the harness connector at the appropriate horn.
8. Verify that a test lamp does not illuminate between the control circuit terminal B and ground.

• If the test lamp illuminates, test the control circuit for a short to voltage. If the circuit tests normal, replace the underhood fuse block.

9. If all circuits test normal, replace the underhood fuse block.

Right Horn Circuit Test
1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the right horns.
2. Test for less than 1 ohm between the ground circuit terminal A and ground.

• If greater than the specified range, test the ground circuit for and open/high resistance.

3. Connect a test lamp between the control circuit terminal B and ground.
4. Press and release the horn switch. The test lamp should turn ON and OFF when changing between the commanded states.

• If the test lamp is always ON, test the control circuit for a short to voltage. If the circuit tests normal, replace the underhood fuse block.
• If the test lamp is always OFF and the circuit fuse is good, test the control circuit for an open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal, replace the underhood fuse block.
• If the test lamp is always OFF and the circuit fuse is open, test the control circuit for a short to ground. If the circuit tests normal, test or replace the right horns.

5. If all circuit test normal, test or replace the right horns.

Right Horn - Poor Tone
1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the right horns.
2. Test for less than 1 ohm between the ground circuit terminal A and ground.

• If greater than the specified range, test the ground circuit for high resistance.

3. Disconnect the X1 harness connector at the underhood fuse block.
4. Test for less than 1 ohm between the control circuit terminal E5 at the underhood fuse block and the control circuit terminal B at the horn.

• If greater than the specified range, test the control circuit for a high resistance.

5. If all circuits test normal, test or replace the right horns.

Left Horn Malfunction
1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the HORN relay.
2. Ignition ON, verify that a test lamp does not illuminate between the control circuit terminal 87 and ground.

• If the test lamp illuminates, test the control circuit for a short to voltage.

3. Verify that a test lamp illuminates between the B+ circuit terminal 86 and ground.

• If the test lamp does not illuminate, test the B+ circuit for a short to ground or an open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal and the B+ circuit fuse is open, test the control circuit for a short to ground. If the circuit tests normal, test or replace the HORN relay.

4. Verify that a test lamp illuminates between the B+ circuit terminal 30 and ground.

• If the test lamp does not illuminate, test the B+ circuit for an open/high resistance.

5. Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the left horn.
6. Test for less than 1 ohm between the ground circuit terminal A and ground.

• If greater than the specified range, test the ground circuit for an open/high resistance.

7. Connect the harness connector at the left horn.
8. Ignition ON, connect a 20A fused jumper wire between the B+ circuit terminal 30 and the control circuit terminal 87. Verify the left horn is activated.

• If the left horn does not activate, test the control circuit for an open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal, test or replace the left horn.

9. Connect a test lamp between the B+ circuit terminal 86 and the control circuit terminal 85.
10. Press and release the steering wheel horn pad. The test lamp should turn ON and OFF when changing between the commanded states.

• If the test lamp is always ON, test the control circuit for a short to ground.
• If the test lamp is always OFF, test the control circuit for a short to voltage or an open/high resistance.

11. 11. If all circuits test normal, test or replace the HORN relay.

Left Horn - Poor Tone
1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the left horn.
2. Test for less than 1 ohm between the ground circuit terminal A and ground.

• If greater than the specified range, test the ground circuit for high resistance.

3. Disconnect the HORN relay.
4. Test for less than 1 ohm between the control circuit terminal 87 at the HORN relay and the control circuit terminal B at the left horn.

• If greater than the specified range, test the control circuit for a high resistance.

5. If all circuits test normal, test or replace the left horn.

Component Testing
Horn

1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the appropriate horn.
2. Install a 15A fused jumper wire between the control terminal B and 12 volts. Install a jumper wire between the ground terminal A and ground. Verify the horn emits a clear and even tone.

• If the sound emitted is not clear and even, test or replace the horn.

Relay Test
1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the HORN relay.
2. Test for 60-180 ohms between terminals 85 and 86.

• If not within the specified range, replace the relay.

3. Test for infinite resistance between the following terminals:

* 30 and 86
* 30 and 87
* 30 and 85
* 85 and 87

• If not the specified value, replace the relay.

4. Install a 30A fused jumper wire between relay terminal 85 and 12V. Install a jumper wire between relay terminal 86 and ground. Test for less than 2 ohms between terminals 30 and 87.

• If greater than the specified range, replace the relay.

Repair Instructions

Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification (Verification Tests) after completing the diagnostic procedure.

* Steering Wheel Horn Switch Replacement (Service and Repair)
* Horn Replacement - Left Side (Horn Replacement - Left Side)
* Horn Replacement - Right Side (Horn Replacement - Right Side)
* Relay Replacement (Attached to Wire Harness) (Relay Replacement (Attached to Wire Harness))Relay Replacement (Within an Electrical Center) (Relay Replacement (Within an Electrical Center))
* Underhood Electrical Center or Junction Block Replacement ()
* Control Module References (Programming and Relearning) for BCM replacement, setup and programming

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