Troubleshooting Tools

TEST LIGHT/VOLTMETER
Use a test light to check for voltage. A Test Light is made up of a 12 volt light bulb, with a pair of leads attached. After grounding one lead, touch the other lead to various points along the circuit where voltage should be present. When the bulb goes on, there is voltage at the point being tested.
A voltmeter can be used instead of a test light. While a test light shows whether or not voltage is present, a voltmeter indicates how much voltage is present.
An increasing number of circuits include solid state control modules. One example is the Electronic Control Module (ECM). Voltages in these circuits should be tested only with a 10-megaohm or higher impedance digital voltmeter or multimeter. Unless directed to within the diagnostics, never use a test light on circuits that contain soled state components, since damage to these components may result.
When testing for voltage or continuity at the connection, it is not necessary to separate the two halves of the connector. Unless testing a Weather Pack(R) connector, always probe the connector from the back. Always check both sides of the connector. An accumulation of dirt and corrosion between contact surfaces is sometimes a cause of electrical problems.

CONNECTOR TEST ADAPTERS
A GM connector Adapter Kit (J 35616) is available for making tests and measurements at separated connectors. This kit contains an assortment of probes which mate with many of the types of terminals you will see. Avoid using paper clips and other substitutes since they can damage terminals and cause incorrect measurements.

SELF-POWERED TEST LIGHT
A self-powered test light can be used to check for continuity. This tool is made up of a light bulb, Battery and two leads. If the leads are touched together, the bulb will go on. A self-powered test light is used only on an unpowered circuit. First remove the fuse which feeds the circuit you're working on. Select two specific points along the circuit through which there should be continuity. Connect one lead of the self-powered test light to each point. If there is continuity, the test light circuit will be completed and the bulb will go on. Never use a self-powered test light on circuits that contain solid state components, since damage to these components may result.

OHMMETER
An ohmmeter can be used instead of a self-powered test light. The ohmmeter shows how much resistance there is between two points along a circuit. Low resistance means good continuity. Circuits which include any solid state control modules, such as the Electronic Control Module (ECM), should be tested only with a 10-megaohm or higher impedance digital multimeter.
When measuring resistance with a digital multimeter, the vehicle Battery should be disconnected. This will prevent incorrect readings. Digital meters apply such a small voltage to measure resistance that the presence of voltages can upset a resistance reading. Diodes and solid state components in a circuit can cause an ohmmeter to give a false reading. To find out if a component is affecting a measurement, take a reading once, reverse the leads and take a second reading. If the readings differ, the solid state component is affecting the measurement.

FUSED JUMPER WIRE
A fused jumper is available with small clamp connectors providing adaptation to most connectors without damage. This fused jumper wire is supplied with a 20 amp fuse which may not be suitable for some circuits. Do not use a fuse with a higher rating than the fuse that protects the circuit being tested.

CAUTION: A fused jumper may not protect solid state components from being damaged.

SHORT FINDER
Short Finders are available to locate hidden shorts to ground. The short finder creates a pulsing magnetic field in the shorted circuit and shows you the location of the short through body trim or sheet metal.

FUSE TESTER
A simple tester can detect a blown fuse. To check a fuse, the tester is applied directly to the fuse in the Fuse Block. Two probes contact the fuse, either into the slots of a flat fuse or to the metal ends of a glass fuse. With power on, a red LED in the tester lights if the fuse is open. The handle of the tester is a tool for removing either type of fuse.