Fuel Filter: Description and Operation
FUEL FILTER/FUEL PRESSURE REGULATORSide View-Filter/Regulator:
A combination fuel filter and fuel pressure regulator is used on all engines. It is located on the top of the fuel pump module. A separate frame mounted fuel filter is not used with any engine.
Both fuel filters (at bottom of fuel pump module and within fuel pressure regulator) are designed for extended service. They do not require normal scheduled maintenance. Filters should only be replaced if a diagnostic procedure indicates to do so.
Fuel Pressure Regulator Operation: The pressure regulator is a mechanical device that is not controlled by engine vacuum or the powertrain control module (PCM).
The regulator is calibrated to maintain fuel system operating pressure of approximately 339 kPa ± 34 kPa (49.2 psi ± 5 psi) at the fuel injectors. It contains a diaphragm, calibrated springs and a fuel return valve. The internal fuel filter is also part of the assembly.
Fuel is supplied to the filter/regulator by the electric fuel pump through an opening tube at the bottom of filter/regulator.
The regulator acts as a check valve to maintain some fuel pressure when the engine is not operating. This will help to start the engine. A second check valve is located at the outlet end of the electric fuel pump. Refer to Fuel Pump-Description and Operation for more information. Also refer to the Fuel Pressure Leak Down Test and the Fuel Pump Pressure Tests.
If fuel pressure at the pressure regulator exceeds approximately 49.2 psi, an internal diaphragm opens and excess fuel pressure is routed back into the tank through the bottom of pressure regulator.
FUEL PUMP MODULE
Fuel Tank/Fuel Pump Module:
Fuel Pump Module Components (Typical Pump Module Shown):
The fuel pump module on all models/all engines is installed in the top of the fuel tank. The fuel pump module contains the following components:
- A combination fuel filter/fuel pressure regulator
- Electric fuel pump
- Fuel pump reservoir
- A separate in-tank fuel filter (at bottom of module)
- Fuel gauge sending unit (fuel level sensor)
- Fuel supply line connection at filter/regulator
- A threaded locknut retain pump module to fuel tank
- A gasket between tank flange and module The fuel gauge sending unit (fuel level sensor), and pick-up filter (at bottom of module) may be serviced separately. If the electrical fuel pump requires service, the entire fuel pump module must be replaced. The fuel filter/fuel pressure regulator may be serviced separately. Refer to Fuel Filter/Fuel Pressure Regulator Removal/installation for additional information.