Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
Manuals through 2025 now available!

Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.

LEMON is the logical successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!

Link: lemon-manuals.la

Oscilloscope Patterns and Waveforms

MAJOR SENSOR REFERENCE WAVE-FORMS
The followings are the major sensor reference wave-forms. Below is the data for Mass Air Flow Sensor, Throttle Position Sensor when revving quickly up to 4800 rpm under no load after warming up engine sufficiently. Each value is for reference, the exact values may vary.







* MAF sensor and TPS
MAF should increase when depressing the accelerator pedal and should decrease at the moment "THRTL POS SEN" is closed (accelerator pedal is released).

TPS should increase while depressing the accelerator pedal and should decrease while releasing it.