Manuals through 2025 now available!
Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.
LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!
Link:
lemon-manuals.la
If it fails:
lemon-manuals.org.ua
Or, hide this message:
temporarily or
permanently
Bumper: Description and Operation
Body StructureGeneral Description (Bumper)Front and rear bumpers consist of
bumper fascia, support, and reinforcement.
The absorbing capability for both front and rear
bumper systems are achieved through reinforcements in each bumper.