Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.

Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures


Condition(s):

Tires show excess wear on edge of treads

Possible Source(s):
^ Tires under-inflated

Action(s) to take:
^ Correct pressure to specification.

Possible Source(s):
^ Vehicle overloaded

Action(s) to take:
^ Correct as required.

Tires show excess wear on edge of treads (having the correct tire pressures).

Possible Source(s):
^ Incorrect toe setting

Action(s) to take:
^ Set to specification.

Tires show excess wear in center of tread.

Possible Source(s):
^ Tires over-inflated

Action(s) to take:
^ Correct pressure to specification.

Other excessive tire wear problems

Possible Source(s):
^ Incorrect tire pressure

Action(s) to take:
^ Correct pressure to specification.

Possible Source(s):
^ Incorrect tire / wheel usage

Action(s) to take:
^ Install correct tire and wheel combination.

Possible Source(s):
^ Loose or leaking dampers

Action(s) to take:
^ Tighten or install a new as necessary.

Possible Source(s):
^ Geometry out of alignment

Action(s) to take:
^ Check and adjust.

Possible Source(s):
^ Loose, worn or damaged suspension components

Action(s) to take:
^ Inspect, repair or install a new as necessary.

Possible Source(s):
^ Wheel and tire assembly out of balance

Action(s) to take:
^ Balance wheel and tire assembly.

Possible Source(s):
^ Excessive lateral or radial runout of wheel or tire

Action(s) to take:
^ Check, repair or install a new as necessary.

Wheel mounting is difficult

Possible Source(s):
^ Incorrect application or mismatched parts, including wheel studs and wheel nuts. Corroded, worn or damaged parts

Action(s) to take:
^ Clean or install a new part.

Wobble or shimmy affecting wheel runout

Possible Source(s):
^ Damaged wheel (eventually damaging wheel bearings and causing uneven tire wear)

Action(s) to take:
^ Inspect wheel rims for damage and runout. Install a new wheel rim as necessary.

Excessive vibration, rough steering or severe tire wear

Possible Source(s):
^ Loose or incorrect attaching parts

Action(s) to take:
^ Tighten or install new parts.

Vehicle vibrations

Possible Source(s):
^ Tires / wheels mismatched

Action(s) to take:
^ Install correct tire / wheel combination.

Possible Source(s):
^ Inflation pressure too high or low

Action(s) to take:
^ Correct pressure to specification.

Possible Source(s):
^ Uneven tire wear

Action(s) to take:
^ Refer to Diagnosis and Testing in this section.

Possible Source(s):
^ Out-of-balance wheel, tire, wheel hub or disc assembly

Action(s) to take:
^ Determine the out-of-balance component and balance or install a new part.

Possible Source(s):
^ Damaged or distorted wheel from road impact hazard or incorrect handling

Action(s) to take:
^ Install a new wheel.

Possible Source(s):
^ Excessive radial runout

Action(s) to take:
^ Install a new wheel or tire. Check for incorrect wheel and tire specifications.

Possible Source(s):
^ Excessive lateral runout

Action(s) to take:
^ Install a new wheel or tire.

Possible Source(s):
^ Incorrectly seated tire

Action(s) to take:
^ Remount the tire.

Possible Source(s):
^ Loose wheel mountings - damaged wheel studs, wheel nuts, worn or broken wheel hub face or foreign material on mounting faces

Action(s) to take:
^ Tighten or install new parts. Clean mounting surfaces.

Possible Source(s):
^ Defective wheel bearings

Action(s) to take:
^ Install a new bearing set.

Possible Source(s):
^ Brake disc imbalance

Possible Source(s):
^ Water in tires

Action(s) to take:
^ Remove water.

Possible Source(s):
^ Loose engine or transmission mounts

Action(s) to take:
^ Tighten or install a new mount.

Possible Source(s):
^ Incorrect front end alignment

Action(s) to take:
^ Align front end.

Possible Source(s):
^ Loose or worn driveline or suspension parts

Action(s) to take:
^ Repair or install new parts.

Possible Source(s):
^ Excessive driveshaft runout or imbalance

Action(s) to take:
^ Install a new driveshaft.

Possible Source(s):
^ Worn or damaged flexible drive joint

Action(s) to take:
^ Install a new drive shaft.

Damaged wheel hub stud threads

Possible Source(s):
^ Sliding wheel across the wheel studs during installation. Loose wheel nuts

Action(s) to take:
^ Install new wheel studs.

Broken wheel studs

Possible Source(s):
^ Loose or overtightened wheel nuts

Action(s) to take:
^ Install new wheel studs.

Corrosion / contamination streaks from the wheel hub wheel stud holes

Possible Source(s):
^ Loose wheel nuts

Action(s) to take:
^ Check complete assembly. Install new parts. Follow correct torque procedure.

Damaged wheel nuts

Possible Source(s):
^ Loose wheel assembly

Action(s) to take:
^ Install new wheel nuts. Follow correct torque procedure.

Possible Source(s):
^ Over-tightened wheel nuts

Action(s) to take:
^ Install new wheel nuts. Follow correct torque procedure.

Frozen wheel nuts

Possible Source(s):
^ Corrosion or galling

Action(s) to take:

^ CAUTION: Do not permit lubricant to contaminate wheel hub stud holes or wheel nut seats.

If corrosion is light, wire brush away corrosion. If corrosion is excessive install new wheel studs and wheel nuts. Lubricate the first three threads of wheel studs with a graphite based lubricant.