Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
Manuals through 2025 now available!

Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.

LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!

Link: lemon-manuals.la or lemon-manuals.org.ua

(Some people have issue connecting. LEMON is investigating. For now, use Firefox or change your DNS server)

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Fail-Safe Operation





If any of the above codes are recorded, the ECM enters fail-safe mode.

Back-Up Function:
If there is trouble with the program in the ECM and the ignition signals (IGT) are not output from microcomputer, the ECM controls fuel injection and ignition timing at predetermined levels as a back-up function to make it possible to continue to operate the vehicle.
Furthermore, the injection duration is calculated from the starting signal (STA) and the throttle position signal (IDL) Also, the ignition timing is fixed at the initial ignition timing, 5 BTDC, without relation to the engine speed.

HINT: If the engine is controlled by the back-up function, the malfunction indicator lamp lights up to warn the driver of the malfunction but the diagnostic trouble code is not output.