Torque Converter

Torque Converter
The torque converter is a 3-element unit containing a 3-plate clutch. The clutch can be controlled and engaged in any gear 2 to 6. Calibration parameters may be set to allow lockup in a higher gear only. The clutch is applied by removing fluid pressure from one side of the plate. The torque converter transmits and multiplies torque. The torque converter includes the following 3 elements:
^ Impeller assembly
^ Turbine assembly
^ Reactor assembly

The standard torque converter components operate as follows:
^ Rotation of the converter housing and impeller set the fluid in motion.
^ The turbine reacts to the fluid motion from the impeller, transferring rotation to the geartrain through the input shaft.
^ The reactor redirects fluid going back into the impeller, allowing for torque multiplication.
^ Power is transmitted from the torque converter to the planetary gearsets and other components through the input shaft.

Torque Converter Clutch
The torque converter clutch is a device that reduces slip in the torque converter and, therefore, helps to keep fuel consumption to a minimum.

The torque converter clutch is engaged and released by the control system.

Pressure at the torque converter clutch piston is determined by an electronic pressure control valve.