Front
FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENTBefore checking front wheel alignment, be sure to make a preliminary inspection with vehicle unladen*.
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand tools and mats in designated positions.
Preliminary Inspection
Aluminum Wheels
1. Check tires for wear and improper inflation.
2. Check wheels for deformation, cracks and other damage. If deformed, remove wheel and check runout.
Wheel runout: Radial runout limit 0.3 mm (0.012 inch)
Lateral runout limit 0.3 mm (0.012 inch)
3. Check front wheel bearings for looseness.
4. Check front suspension for looseness.
5. Check steering linkage for looseness.
6. Check that front struts work properly.
7. Check vehicle posture (unladen).
Steel Wheels
1. Remove tire from steel wheel and mount wheel on a tire balance machine.
2. Set two dial indicators as shown in the illustration.
3. Set each dial indicator to zero.
4. Rotate wheel, and check dial indicators at several points around the circumference of the wheel.
5. Calculate runout at each point as shown below.
Radial runout = (A + B)/2
Lateral runout = (C + D)/2
6. Select maximum positive runout value and the maximum negative value. Add the two values to determine total runout. In case a positive or negative value is not available, use the maximum value (negative or positive) for total runout.
If the total runout value exceeds the limit, replace steel wheel.
Radial runout limit 0.5 mm (0.020 inch)
Lateral runout limit .8 mm (0.031 inch)
Camber, Caster, and Kingpin Inclination
Camber, caster, and kingpin inclination are preset at factory and cannot be adjusted.
1. Measure camber, caster and kingpin inclination of both right and left wheels with a suitable alignment gauge.
Camber, caster and kingpin inclination: Refer to image.
2. If camber, caster and kingpin inclination are not within specification, inspect front suspension parts. Replace any damaged or worn out parts.
Toe-in
Measure toe-in using the following procedure.
- Always perform the following procedure on a flat surface. Make sure that no one is in front of the vehicle before pushing it.
1. Bounce front of vehicle up and down to stabilize the posture.
2. Push the vehicle straight ahead about 5 m (16 ft.).
3. Put a mark on base line of tread (rear side) of both front tire. at the same height as hub center. These are measuring points
4. Measure distance "A" (rear side).
5. Push the vehicle slowly ahead to rotate the wheels 180 degrees (1/2 turn).
- If the wheels have rotated more than 180 degrees (1/2 turn), try the above procedure again from the beginning. Never push vehicle backward.
6. Measure distance "B" (front side).
Toe-in (A - B): Refer to image.
7. Adjust toe-in by varying the length of steering tie-rods.
a. Loosen lock nuts.
b. Adjust toe-in by screwing tie-rods in or out.
Standard length "L": Refer to Steering.
c. Tighten lock nuts to specified torque.
41 - 81 Nm (4.2 - 8.3 kg-m, 30 - 60 ft. lbs.)
Front Wheel Turning Angle
1. Set wheels in straight-ahead position. Then move vehicle for ward until front wheels rest on turning radius gauge properly.
2. Rotate steering wheel all the way right and left; measure turning angle.
Wheel turning angle (Full turn): Refer to image.