P0018
1GR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM: SFI SYSTEM: P0016: Crankshaft Position - Camshaft Position Correlation (Bank 1 Sensor A)
DTC P0016 - Crankshaft Position - Camshaft Position Correlation (Bank 1 Sensor A)
DTC P0018 - Crankshaft Position - Camshaft Position Correlation (Bank 2 Sensor A)
DESCRIPTION
The Crankshaft Position (CKP) sensor system consists of a CKP sensor plate and a pickup coil. The sensor plate has 34 teeth and is installed on the crankshaft. The pickup coil is made of an iron core and a magnet.
The sensor plate rotates and, as each tooth passes through the pickup coil, a pulse signal is created. The pickup coil generates 34 signals per engine revolution. Based on these signals, the ECM calculates the crankshaft position and engine RPM. Using these calculations, the fuel injection time and ignition timing are controlled.
- Reference: Inspection using an oscilloscope
HINT:
- The correct waveform is shown above.
- VV1+ and VV2+ stand for the VVT sensor signal, and NE+ stands for the CKP sensor signal.
MONITOR DESCRIPTION
The ECM optimizes the valve timing by using the VVT (Variable Valve Timing) system to control the intake camshaft. The VVT system includes the ECM, the Oil Control Valve (OCV) and the VVT controller.
The ECM sends a target duty-cycle control signal to the OCV. This control signal regulates the oil pressure supplied to the VVT controller. The VVT controller can advance or retard the intake camshaft. The ECM calibrates the intake valve timing by setting the intake camshaft to the most retarded angle while the engine is idling. The ECM closes the OCV to retard the cam. The ECM stores this value as the VVT learning value. When the difference between the target and actual intake valve timings is 5°CA (Crankshaft Angle) or less, the ECM stores it.
If the VVT learning value matches the following conditions, the ECM determines the existence of a malfunction in the VVT system, and sets the DTC.
- VVT learning value: Less than 22.5°CA, or more than 45.2°CA.
- Above condition continues for 18 seconds or more.
This DTC indicates that the intake camshaft has been installed toward the crankshaft at an incorrect angle, caused by factors such as the timing chain having jumped a tooth.
This monitor begins to run after the engine has idled for 5 minutes.
MONITOR STRATEGY
TYPICAL ENABLING CONDITIONS
TYPICAL MALFUNCTION THRESHOLDS
WIRING DIAGRAM
INSPECTION PROCEDURE
HINT: Read freeze frame data using a Techstream. Freeze frame data record the engine condition when malfunctions are detected. When troubleshooting, freeze frame data can help determine if the vehicle was moving or stationary, if the engine was warmed up or not, if the air-fuel ratio was lean or rich, and other data from the time the malfunction occurred.
PROCEDURE
1. CHECK ANY OTHER DTCS OUTPUT (IN ADDITION TO DTC P0016 OR P0018)
(a) Connect a Techstream to the DLC3.
(b) Turn the ignition switch ON and turn the tester ON.
(c) Select the following menu items: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes.
(d) Read DTCs.
Result:
HINT: If any DTCs other than P0016 or P0018 are output, troubleshoot those DTCs first.
B -- GO TO DTC CHART
A -- Continue to next step.
2. CHECK VALVE TIMING (CHECK FOR LOOSE AND A JUMPED TOOTH OF TIMING CHAIN)
(a) Remove the cylinder head cover Removal or Removal).
(b) Turn the crankshaft pulley, and align its groove with the timing mark "0" of the timing chain cover.
(c) Check that the timing marks of the camshaft timing gears are aligned with the timing marks of the bearing cap as shown in the illustration.
If not, turn the crankshaft 1 revolution (360°), then align the marks as above.
OK:
Timing marks on camshaft timing gears are aligned as shown in the illustration.
(d) Reinstall the cylinder head cover Installation or Installation).
NG -- ADJUST VALVE TIMING (REPAIR OR REPLACE TIMING CHAIN)
OK -- Continue to next step.
3. INSPECT CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL VALVE ASSEMBLY
(a) Remove the OCV.
(b) Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
Standard Resistance:
(c) Apply the positive battery voltage to terminal 1 and negative battery voltage to terminal 2. Check the valve operation.
OK:
Valve moves quickly.
(d) Reinstall the OCV.
NG -- REPLACE CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL VALVE ASSEMBLY
OK -- Continue to next step.
4. INSPECT OIL CONTROL VALVE FILTER
OK:
Filter is not clogged.
NG -- CLEAN OIL CONTROL VALVE FILTER
OK -- Continue to next step.
5. REPLACE CAMSHAFT TIMING GEAR ASSEMBLY
(a) Replace the camshaft timing gear assembly Removal.
NEXT -- Continue to next step.
6. CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (DTC P0016 OR P0018)
(a) Connect a Techstream to the DLC3.
(b) Turn the ignition switch ON and turn the tester ON.
(c) Clear DTCs DTC Check / Clear.
(d) Start the engine and warm it up.
(e) Switch the ECM from normal mode to check mode using the tester DTC Check / Clear.
(f) Drive the vehicle for more than 10 minutes.
(g) Confirm that no DTC is set using the tester.
Result:
B -- END
A -- REPLACE ECM