P0453
3UR-FE ENGINE CONTROL: SFI SYSTEM: P0451: Evaporative Emission Control System Pressure Sensor Range / Performance
DTC P0451 - Evaporative Emission Control System Pressure Sensor Range / Performance
DTC P0452 - Evaporative Emission Control System Pressure Sensor / Switch Low Input
DTC P0453 - Evaporative Emission Control System Pressure Sensor / Switch High Input
DTC SUMMARY
HINT: The canister pressure sensor is built into the canister pump module.
DESCRIPTION
NOTE: In this vehicle's EVAP system, turning ON the vent valve does not seal off the EVAP system. To check for leaks in the EVAP system, disconnect the air inlet vent hose and apply pressure from the atmospheric side of the canister.
While the engine is running, if a predetermined condition (closed-loop, etc.) is met, the purge VSV is opened by the ECM and stored fuel vapors in the canister are purged into the intake manifold. The ECM changes the duty cycle ratio of the purge VSV to control purge flow volume.
The purge flow volume is also determined by the intake manifold pressure. Atmospheric pressure is allowed into the canister through the vent valve to ensure that the purge flow is maintained when the negative pressure (vacuum) is applied to the canister.
The following two monitors run to confirm the appropriate EVAP system operation.
1. Key-off monitor
This monitor checks for EVAP (Evaporative Emission) system leaks and canister pump module malfunctions. The monitor starts 5 hours* after the ignition switch is turned off. At least 5 hours are required for the fuel to cool down to stabilize the EVAP pressure, thus making the EVAP system monitor more accurate.
The leak detection pump creates negative pressure (vacuum) in the EVAP system and the pressure is measured. Finally, the ECM monitors for leaks from the EVAP system, and malfunctions in both the canister pump module and purge VSV, based on the EVAP pressure.
HINT: *: If the engine coolant temperature is not below 35°C (95°F) 5 hours after the ignition switch is turned off, the monitor check starts 2 hours later. If it is still not below 35°C (95°F) 7 hours after the ignition switch is turned off, the monitor check starts 2.5 hours later.
2. Purge flow monitor
The purge flow monitor consists of 2 monitors. The 1st monitor is conducted every time and the 2nd monitor is activated if necessary.
- The 1st monitor
While the engine is running and the purge VSV (Vacuum Switching Valve) is ON (open), the ECM monitors the purge flow by measuring the EVAP pressure change. If negative pressure is not created, the ECM begins the 2nd monitor.
- The 2nd monitor
The vent valve is turned ON (closed) and the EVAP pressure is measured. If the variation in the pressure is less than 0.5 kPa-g (3.75 mmHg-g), the ECM interprets this as the purge VSV being stuck closed, and illuminates the MIL and stores DTC P0441 (2 trip detection logic).
Atmospheric pressure check:
In order to ensure reliable malfunction detection, the variation between the atmospheric pressures, before and after conduction of the purge flow monitor, is measured by the ECM.
MONITOR DESCRIPTION
1. 5GDTC P0451: Canister pressure sensor noise or fixed/flat
If the canister pressure sensor voltage output fluctuates rapidly for 10 seconds, the ECM stops the EVAP system monitor. The ECM interprets this as noise from the canister pressure sensor, and stops the EVAP system monitor. The ECM then illuminates the MIL and stores the DTC.
Alternatively, if the sensor voltage output does not change for 10 seconds, the ECM interprets this as the sensor being fixed/flat, and stops the monitor. The ECM then illuminates the MIL and stores the DTC.
(Both malfunctions are detected by 2 trip detection logic.)
2. DTC P0452: Canister pressure sensor voltage low
If the canister pressure sensor output [pressure] is below 42.1 kPa-a (315.9 mmHg-a), the ECM interprets this as an open or short circuit malfunction in the canister pressure sensor or its circuit, and stops the EVAP system monitor. The ECM then illuminates the MIL and stores the DTC (1 trip detection logic).
3. DTC P0453: Canister pressure sensor voltage high
If the canister pressure sensor output [pressure] is 123.8 kPa-a (928.4 mmHg-a) or more, the ECM interprets this as an open or short circuit malfunction in the canister pressure sensor or its circuit, and stops the EVAP system monitor. The ECM then illuminates the MIL and stores the DTC (1 trip detection logic).
MONITOR STRATEGY
TYPICAL ENABLING CONDITIONS
P0451 (Noise Monitor)
P0451 (Fixed/Flat Monitor)
P0452 and P0453
TYPICAL MALFUNCTION THRESHOLDS
P0451: Canister Pressure Sensor Noise
P0451: Canister Pressure Sensor Fixed/Flat
P0452: Canister Pressure Sensor Low Voltage
P0453: Canister Pressure Sensor High Voltage
WIRING DIAGRAM
INSPECTION PROCEDURE
NOTICE:
- When a vehicle is brought into the workshop, leave it as it is. Do not change the vehicle condition. For example, do not tighten the fuel cap.
- Do not disassemble the canister pump module.
- The Techstream is required to conduct the following diagnostic troubleshooting procedure.
PROCEDURE
1. CONFIRM DTC AND EVAP PRESSURE
(a) Connect the Techstream to the DLC3.
(b) Turn the ignition switch to ON (do not start the engine).
(c) Turn the Techstream on.
(d) Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes.
(e) Read DTCs.
(f) Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / EVAP / Vapor Pressure Pump.
(g) Read the EVAP (Evaporative Emission) pressure displayed on the Techstream.
Result
C -- GO TO EVAP SYSTEM
B -- CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CANISTER PUMP MODULE - ECM)
A -- Continue to next step.
2. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CANISTER PUMP MODULE - ECM)
(a) Turn the ignition switch off.
(b) Disconnect the ECM connector.
(c) Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
Result
B -- REPLACE ECM
A -- Continue to next step.
3. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CANISTER PUMP MODULE - ECM)
(a) Disconnect the canister pump module connector.
(b) Disconnect the ECM connector.
(c) Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
Result
B -- REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR (CANISTER PUMP MODULE - ECM)
A -- REPLACE CHARCOAL CANISTER ASSEMBLY
4. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CANISTER PUMP MODULE - ECM)
(a) Disconnect the canister pump module connector.
(b) Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
Standard Resistance:
(c) Turn the ignition switch to ON.
(d) Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.
Standard Voltage:
Result
B -- REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR (CANISTER PUMP MODULE - ECM)
A -- Continue to next step.
5. REPLACE CHARCOAL CANISTER ASSEMBLY
(a) Replace the canister assembly Removal.
NOTE: When replacing the canister, check the canister pump module interior and related pipes for water, fuel and other liquids. If liquids are present, check for disconnections and/or cracks in the following: 1) the pipe from the air inlet port to the canister pump module; 2) the canister filter; and 3) the fuel tank vent hose.
NEXT -- CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (AFTER REPAIR)
6. REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR (CANISTER PUMP MODULE - ECM)
HINT: If the exhaust tailpipe has been removed, go to the next step before reinstalling it.
NEXT -- CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (AFTER REPAIR)
7. REPLACE ECM
(a) Replace the ECM Removal.
NEXT -- Continue to next step.
8. CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (AFTER REPAIR)
(a) Connect the Techstream to the DLC3.
(b) Turn the ignition switch to ON.
(c) Turn the Techstream on.
(d) Wait for at least 60 seconds.
(e) Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes / Pending.
HINT: If no pending DTCs are displayed on the Techstream, the repair has been successfully completed.
NEXT -- END