Engine: Testing and Inspection
ENGINE ASSEMBLYINSPECTION
1. INSPECT COOLANT
2. INSPECT ENGINE OIL
3. INSPECT BATTERY
Standard specific gravity: 1.25 - 1.29 at 20°C (68°F)
4. INSPECT AIR CLEANER FILTER ELEMENT SUB-ASSY
5. INSPECT SPARK PLUG
6. INSPECT V-RIBBED BELT
7. INSPECT IGNITION TIMING
a. Warm up engine.
b. When using hand-held tester.
1 Connect the hand-held tester to the DLC3.
Ignition timing: 8 - 12° BTDC
HINT: Please refer to the hand-held tester operator's manual for further details.
c. When not using hand-held tester.
1 Using SST, connect terminals 13 (TC) and 4 (CG) of DLC3.
SST 09843-18040, 09843-18020
NOTICE:
- Be sure not to connect incorrectly. It causes breakage of the engine.
- Turn OFF all electrical systems.
- Operate the inspection when the cooling fan motor is turned OFF.
2 Remove the cylinder head cover No.2.
3 Pull out the wire harness as shown in the illustration. Connect the clip of the timing light to the engine.
NOTICE:
- Use a timing light which can detect the first signal.
- After checking, be sure to tape the wire harness.
4 Inspect ignition timing at idle.
Ignition timing: 8 - 12° BTDC
NOTICE: When checking the ignition timing, the transmission is at neutral position.
HINT: After engine rpm is kept at 1,000 - 1,300 r/min. for 5 seconds, check that it returns idle speed.
5 Disconnect terminals 13 (TC) and 4 (CG) of DLC3.
6 Inspect ignition timing at idle.
Ignition timing: 5 - 15° BTDC
7 Confirm that ignition timing moves to advanced angle side when the engine rpm is increased.
8 Remove the timing light.
8. INSPECT ENGINE IDLE SPEED
SST 09843-18040
a. Warm up engine.
b. When using hand-held tester.
1 Connect the hand-held tester to the DLC3.
Idle speed: 600 - 700 rpm.
NOTICE:
- Check idle speed with cooling fan OFF.
- Switch off all accessories and air conditioning.
HINT: Please refer to the hand-held tester operator's manual for further details.
c. When not using hand-held tester.
1 Using SST, connect tachometer test prove to terminal 9 (TAC) of DLC3.
SST 09843-18040
2 Check the idle speed.
Idle speed: 600 - 700 r/min.
9. INSPECT COMPRESSION
a. Warm up and stop engine.
b. Disconnect the injector connectors.
c. Remove ignition coil.
d. Remove spark plugs.
e. Inspect cylinder compression pressure.
1 Insert a compression gauge into the spark plug hole.
2 Fully open the throttle.
3 While cranking the engine, measure the compression pressure.
Compression pressure: 1.360 MPa (13.9 kgf/cm2, 198 psi)
Minimum pressure: 0.98 MPa (10 kgf/cm2, 142 psi)
Difference between each cylinder: 100 kPa (1.0 kgf/cm2, 14 psi)
NOTICE:
- Always use a fully charged battery to obtain engine speed of 250 rpm or more.
- Check other cylinder's compression pressure in the same way.
- This measurement must be done in as short a time as possible.
4 If the cylinder compression is low, pour a small amount of engine oil into the cylinder through the spark plug hole and inspect again.
HINT:
- If adding oil increases the compression, it is likely that the piston rings and/or cylinder bore are worn or damaged.
- If pressure stays low, a valve may be sticking or seating improperly, or there may be leakage past the gasket.
10. INSPECT CO/HC
a. Start the engine.
b. Race engine at 2,500 rpm for approx. 180 seconds.
c. Insert CO/HC meter testing probe at least 40 cm (1.3 ft.) into tailpipe during idling.
d. Immediately check CO/HC concentration at idle and/or 2,500 rpm.
HINT:
- Complete the measuring within 3 minutes.
- When doing the 2 mode (idle and 2,500 rpm.) test, these measuring orders are prescribed by the applicable local regulations.
e. If the CO/HC concentration does not comply with regulations, troubleshoot in the order given.
1 Check heated oxygen sensor operation.
2 See the table above for possible causes, and then inspect and correct the applicable causes if necessary.