Engine: Testing and Inspection

ENGINE

INSPECTION
1. INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT
(a) Inspect the engine coolant.
2. INSPECT ENGINE OIL
(a) Inspect the engine oil.
3. INSPECT BATTERY
(a) Inspect the battery.
4. INSPECT SPARK PLUGS
(a) Inspect the spark plugs.
5. INSPECT AIR CLEANER FILTER ELEMENT SUB-ASSEMBLY
(a) Remove the air cleaner filter element sub-assembly.
(b) Visually check that there is no dirt, blockage, and/or damage to the air cleaner filter element.

HINT:
- If there is any dirt or a blockage in the air cleaner filter element, clean it with compressed air.
- If any dirt or a blockage remains even after cleaning the air cleaner filter element with compressed air, replace it.

6. INSPECT IGNITION TIMING
(a) Warm up the engine.





(b) When using the intelligent tester:
Check the ignition timing.
(1) Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.
(2) Enter DATA LIST MODE on the intelligent tester.
Ignition timing: 8 to 12° BTDC at idle

HINT: Refer to the intelligent tester operator's manual for help when selecting the DATA LIST.





(c) When not using the intelligent tester:
Check the ignition timing.
(1) Using SST, connect terminals 13 (TC) and 4 (CG) of the DLC3.
SST 09843-18040

NOTICE:
- Confirm the terminal numbers before connecting them. Connection with a wrong terminal can damage the engine.
- Turn off all electrical systems before connecting the terminals.
- Perform this inspection after the cooling fan motor is turned off.





(2) Remove the No. 1 engine cover.
(3) Pull out the wire harness as shown in the illustration. Connect the clip of the timing light to the wire harness.

NOTICE:
- Use a timing light which can detect the first signal.
- After checking, be sure to tape the wire harness.

(4) Check the ignition timing at idle.
Ignition timing: 8 to 12° BTDC at idle

NOTICE: When checking the ignition timing, the transmission should be in neutral.

HINT: After engine rpm is kept at 1,000 to 1,300 rpm for 5 seconds, check that it returns to idle speed.

(5) Disconnect terminals 13 (TC) and 4 (CG) of the DLC3.
(6) Check the ignition timing at idle.
Ignition timing: 5 to 15° BTDC at idle
(7) Confirm that the ignition timing moves to the advanced angle side when the engine rpm is increased.
(8) Remove the timing light.





7. INSPECT ENGINE IDLE SPEED
(a) Warm up the engine.
(b) When using the intelligent tester:
Check the idle speed.
(1) Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

HINT: Refer to the intelligent tester operator's manual for further details.

(2) Enter DATA LIST MODE on the intelligent tester.

Idle Speed:

NOTICE:
- When checking the idle speed, the transmission should be in neutral.
- Check the idle speed with the cooling fan off.
- Switch off all accessories and air conditioning before connecting the intelligent tester.





(c) When not using the intelligent tester:
Check the idle speed.
(1) Using SST, connect the tachometer tester probe to terminal 9 (TAC) of the DLC3.
SST 09843-18030
(2) Check the idle speed.

Idle Speed:

8. INSPECT COMPRESSION
(a) Warm up and stop the engine.
(b) Disconnect the injector connectors.
(c) Remove the ignition coils.
(d) Remove the spark plugs.





(e) Check the cylinder compression pressure.
(1) Insert a compression gauge into the spark plug hole.
(2) Fully open the throttle.
(3) While cranking the engine, measure the compression pressure.
Compression pressure: 1.360 MPa (13.9 kgf/cm2, 198 psi)
Minimum pressure: 0.98 MPa (10 kgf/cm2, 142 psi)
Difference between each cylinder: 100 kPa (1.0 kgf/cm2, 14 psi)

NOTICE:
- Always use a fully charged battery to obtain an engine speed of 250 rpm or more.
- Check the other cylinders' compression pressure in the same way.
- This measurement must be done as quickly as possible.

(4) If the cylinder compression is low, pour a small amount of engine oil into the cylinder through the spark plug hole and inspect again.

HINT:
- If adding oil increases the compression, the piston rings and/or cylinder bore may be worn or damaged.
- If pressure stays low, a valve may be stuck or seated improperly, or there may be leakage in the gasket.

9. INSPECT CO/HC
(a) Start the engine.
(b) Run the engine at 2,500 rpm for approximately 180 seconds.
(c) Insert the CO/HC meter testing probe at least 40 cm (1.3 ft) into the tailpipe during idling.
(d) Immediately check CO/HC concentration at idle and/or 2,500 rpm.

HINT:
- Complete the measuring within 3 minutes.
- Check regulations and restrictions in your area when performing 2 mode CO/HC concentration testing (engine check at both idle speed and at 2,500 rpm).

(e) If the CO/HC concentration does not comply with regulations, troubleshoot in the order given below.
(1) Check A/F sensor and heated oxygen sensor operation.
(2) See the table for possible causes, and then inspect and repair.