Leak Detection System

Leak Detection System

Function

The leak detection system recognizes leaks in the complete fuel system, including the fuel tank, EVAP canister and Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Canister Purge Regulator Valve (N80).

On the mechanical side, the leak detection system consists mainly of a vacuum-driven diaphragm pump, that is equipped with a reed contact on the actuation rod of the pump diaphragm. The pump is supplied with vacuum via the engine intake stroke.

• When leak detection is activated, the diaphragm pump pumps the fuel system up to 20 to 30 mbar. The pump membrane is then moved outward, thereby setting the reed contact at the actuation rod to the "open" position.

• During leak diagnosis, the reed contact is monitored to check if it remains open within 10 seconds. This indicates the system is sealed.

• If pressure falls (indicating a leak), the diaphragm moves back and the reed contact closes.

• If reed contact closes within 10 seconds of leak detection time, a further test is performed: In this case the diaphragm pump pumps 4 times again. The engine control module (ECM) measures the time for each of the 4 pumps until the reed contact is closed again. From that, the control module can recognize a "small leak" (smaller than 1 mm in diameter) or a "large leak".

Leak diagnostic is activated automatically shortly following every engine start. If a malfunction is determined, an entry is made to the DTC memory. The Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) in the instrument cluster lights up if the malfunction is recognized for 2 subsequent starts. Leak diagnosis can also be activated using the Vehicle Diagnosis, Testing and Information System (VAS 5051B). Refer to => [ Leak Detection Test, Performing ] Leak Detection Test, Performing.

Automatic Leak Detection Test

With the engine running, the engine control module may perform a leak diagnosis at specific intervals.