Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
Manuals through 2025 now available!

Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.

LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!

Link: lemon-manuals.la or lemon-manuals.org.ua

(Some people have issue connecting. LEMON is investigating. For now, use Firefox or change your DNS server)

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Component Substitute Measure

EMERGENCY OPERATION CONTROL
In the case of failure of sensors, substitute values are made available which enable continued yet restricted engine operation. Further engine operation is no longer possible if the engine speed sensor (Crankshaft Position Sensor) fails.

Component Substitute measure

Intake air temperature sensor Substitute value active

Engine temperature sensor Substitute value active

Air flow meter Substitute values are derived from the position of the throttle valve

Throttle switch Substitute values for restricted engine operation

Inductive sensor
engine speed/position None, engine operation no longer possible


Inductive sensor
cylinder reference point Parallel injection

Oxygen sensor Substitute value active, emission control not possible