Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
Manuals through 2025 now available!

Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.

LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!

Link: lemon-manuals.la or lemon-manuals.org.ua

(Some people have issue connecting. LEMON is investigating. For now, use Firefox or change your DNS server)

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Signal Test Using Multimeter Function






Image Legend:
1 FREQ ON (+), yellow
2 FREQ ON (-), black

Signal Test Using Multimeter Function

Measuring instrument: BMW SERVICE TESTER

Test leads: FREQ ON (+), yellow; FREQ ON (-), black; Diagnosis lead or Universal lead

Test Procedure:

Connect diagnosis lead or lead terminal 31 of universal lead to vehicle ground (measured values will otherwise be falsified).

Connect the black FREQ ON (-) terminal to vehicle ground and the yellow FREQ ON (+) terminal to the wire to be tested.

Select *M* for multimeter and

- "14" for frequency in Hertz,
- "15" for pulse duration in ms,
- "16" for pulse duty factor in % or
- "17" for pulse duration in ms.

The measurement value is displayed on the screen.