Refrigerant: Description and Operation

The refrigerant performs a function which is similar to the engine coolant. The refrigerant is the medium within the A/C system that performs the following functions:
^ Absorbs heat
^ Carries heat
^ Releases heat

Although various substances are used as refrigerants in other types of refrigeration systems, past automotive air conditioning systems used a type of fluid called Refrigerant-12 (R-12). This vehicle uses a new type of refrigerant which is called Refrigerant-134a (R-134a). R-134 is a liquefied gas which has the following properties:
^ Non-toxic
^ Non-flammable
^ Clear
^ Colorless

The R-134a A/C system is very similar to an R-12 A/C system. However, the differences in the following components are important:
^ The refrigerant
^ The lubricants
^ The service equipment

NOTE:
^ R-12 refrigerant and R-134a refrigerant must never be mixed, even in the smallest of amounts, as they are incompatible with each other. If the refrigerants are mixed, compressor failure is likely to occur. Refer to the manufacturer instructions included with the service equipment before servicing.
^ Use only Polyalkylene Glycol Synthetic Refrigerant Oil (PAG) for internal circulation through the R-134a A/C system and only 525 viscosity mineral oil on fitting threads and O-rings. If lubricants other than those specified are used, compressor failure and/or fitting seizure may result.