Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
Manuals through 2025 now available!

Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.

LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!

Link: lemon-manuals.la or lemon-manuals.org.ua

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Component Tests and General Diagnostics

Printed-Heater Line Check:





1. Run engine at 2,000 rpm. Check heater element with battery at full.
2. Turn ON rear window defogger switch. Measure heater element voltage with circuit tester at rear window glass center A.
Condition good if indicating about 6 V.
3. If 12 V is indicated at A, there is a break in the negative terminals from A.
Move test bar slowly to negative terminal to detect where voltage changes suddenly (0 V).
4. If 0 V is indicated at A, there is a break in the positive terminals from A. Detect where the voltage changes suddenly (12 V) with the same method described.