Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
Manuals through 2025 now available!

Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.

LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!

Link: lemon-manuals.la or lemon-manuals.org.ua

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Introduction to SWS Diagnosis

The Simplified Wiring System (SWS) reduces the number of wires by sending multiple signals along a single wire. This reduces vehicle weight and simplifies construction by reducing wiring harness complexity weight. The ETACS-ECU, front-ECU, column switch (incorporated in column-ECU) and sunroof motor assembly (incorporated in sunroof-ECU) have multiplex signal circuits that enable them to transmit and/or receive multiple signals and communicate with other control unit.