Control Components

CONTROL COMPONENTS

Three climate control systems are available:
- manual climate control (Expedition only)
- electronic automatic temperature control
- dual automatic temperature control

Refer to the appropriate heading for information concerning each system.

Plenum Chamber Control Comonents - Manual:

Manual Climate Control
The manual climate control components are used to select:
- air inlet source (outside or recirculated).
- blower motor speed.
- discharge air temperature (temperature blend).
- discharge air location (defrost. panel, floor).
- A/C compressor operation.

Control System Inputs - Manual Climate Control

Function Selector Switch
The function selector switch combines a vacuum selector valve that determines air distribution and an electrical switch to supply battery voltage to the A/C compressor circuit and the blower motor circuit. When the function selector switch is in the MAX A/C, DEFROST or FLOOR/DEFROST positions, the A/C compressor will be operational regardless of the A/C request switch status.

Climate Control Assembly
The climate control assembly integrates the temperature control switch, A/C request button and rear defog switch into a single unit.

The temperature control switch setting determines air temperature. Temperature selection is accomplished with a potentiometer (temperature control switch) connected to the temperature blend door actuator. Movement of the temperature control switch from COOL (blue) to WARM (red) causes a corresponding movement of the temperature blend door and determines the air discharge temperature that the air distribution system will maintain. The temperature control switch is an integral part of the manual climate control assembly and cannot be installed separately.

The A/C request switch determines A/C compressor operation, except when the function selector switch is in the OFF, MAX A/C, DEFROST or FLOOR/DEFROST positions. The A/C request switch is an integral part of the manual climate control assembly and cannot be installed separately.

The rear defog button signals activation of the heated backlight and heated mirrors. The rear defog button is an integral part of the manual climate control assembly and cannot be installed separately.

Blower Motor Switch
The blower motor switch controls blower motor speed by supplying voltage to the blower resistor circuits.

Control System Outputs - Manual Climate Control

Blower Motor Resistor
The blower motor resistor:
- is located on the plenum chamber near the blower motor.
- has three resistor elements mounted on the resistor board to provide four blower motor speeds.
- has an overheating device (thermal limiter) that will open the resistor coil when the temperature reaches approximately 184°C (363°F), interrupting the blower motor operation in all speeds except high.
- is serviced as an assembly. The thermal limiter cannot be reset and is not serviceable.

Depending on the blower motor switch position, series resistance is added or bypassed in the blower motor circuit to decrease or increase blower motor speed.

Temperature Blend Door Actuator
The temperature blend door actuator:
- is located on the plenum chamber.
- moves the temperature blend door on command of the temperature control switch.
- contains a reversible electric motor.

Vacuum Control Motors
The three vacuum control motors have the following characteristics:
- They are actuated by the function selector switch.
- They position the plenum doors to direct system airflow to the vehicle interior as determined by the function selector switch settings.
- The air inlet door vacuum control motor is a single-diaphragm actuator with a single vacuum source.
- The airflow mode door vacuum control motors are double-diaphragm actuators with two separate vacuum sources to allow the actuator to fully retract or partially retract.
- When vacuum is applied to both vacuum sources, the actuator will fully retract.
- When vacuum is applied only to the partial stage vacuum source, the actuator will partially retract.

Coolant Control Valve
The coolant control valve is actuated by the air inlet vacuum circuit. When the air inlet vacuum circuit is closed (at full vacuum), coolant flow through the heater core is shut off and A/C cooling efficiency is increased.

Plenum Chamber Control Components - EATC:

Electronic Automatic Temperature Control
The electronic automatic temperature control (EATC) module analyzes input from the following major sources:
- temperature, function and blower selection (made by the vehicle occupants)
- in-vehicle temperature
- ambient temperature
- sunload
- vehicle speed
- engine coolant temperature

Using these inputs, the EATC module determines the correct conditions for the following outputs:
- A/C compressor operation
- blower speed
- temperature blend door position
- airflow door position
- coolant control valve

Control System Inputs-EATC

EATC Module (Climate Control Assembly)
The EATC module:
- is located in the instrument panel
- has a vacuum fluorescent display for displaying set temperature, function and diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).
- utilizes an on-board diagnostic (OBD) feature to supply the technician with diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs). These DTCs direct the technician to the inoperative component.

Steering Wheel Audio/Climate Control Switch
The steering wheel audio/climate control switch:
- is located on the right side of the steering wheel.
- allows the driver to adjust the passenger compartment temperature setting and manually override the blower motor speed setting.

For removal and installation of the steering wheel audio/climate control switch, refer to Radio, Stereo, and Compact Disc.

Ambient Air Temperature Sensor
The ambient air temperature sensor:
- is located in front of the condenser core.
- provides a resistance value to a reference voltage from the EATC module that is proportional to the outside ambient temperature. The resulting voltage is then returned to the EATC module where it is interpreted as a temperature reading.

In-Vehicle Temperature Sensor
The in-vehicle temperature sensor operates in the following manner:
- A thermistor in the in-vehicle temperature sensor measures air temperature inside the passenger compartment.
- A hose and elbow is connected between the plenum chamber and the in-vehicle temperature sensor.
- Airflow through the plenum chamber creates a venturi-type suction through the hose which draws passenger compartment air through the in-vehicle temperature sensor and across the thermistor.

Solar Amplifier (Sunload Sensor)
The solar amplifier supplies sunload information to the EATC module. For information on the location and service of the solar amplifier, refer to Lighting and Horns.

Control System Outputs-EATC

Automatic Temperature Control (ATC) Solenoid and Manifold
The ATC solenoid and manifold:
- is located on the plenum chamber in front of the front floor console.
- is controlled by the EATC module.
- uses solenoid-type valves to distribute vacuum to the vacuum control motors based on the settings of the EATC module.

Blower Motor Speed Control
The blower speed control:
- is located on the heater core and evaporator core housing near the blower motor.
- converts low power signals from the EATC module to a high current, variable ground feed for the blower motor.
- varies the blower motor speed and is controlled by the EATC module software.
- has a delay function to provide a gradual increase or decrease in blower motor speed under all conditions.
- controls the integral high blower speed relay which is engaged when maximum fan speed is selected.

Temperature Blend Door Actuator
The EATC system utilizes a temperature blend door actuator to control the temperature blend door. The temperature blend door actuator:
- is located on the plenum chamber.
- moves the temperature blend door on command from the EATC module.
- contains a reversible electric motor and a potentiometer. The potentiometer wiper is connected to the actuator output shaft and moves with the output shaft to indicate the position of the temperature blend door.
- receives a reference voltage to one end of the potentiometer. The voltage available at the wiper indicates the position of the potentiometer. The expressed value of the actuator wiper voltage is sent to the EATC module and is matched with an expected wiper voltage value. The EATC module then drives the actuator motor in whichever direction is necessary to make the actuator wiper voltage match the expected EATC module wiper voltage value.

Vacuum Control Motors
The three vacuum control motors have the following characteristics:
- They are actuated by the ATC solenoid and manifold based on input from the EATC module.
- They position the mode doors to direct system airflow to the vehicle interior as determined by the EATC module settings.
- The air inlet door vacuum control motor is a single-diaphragm actuator with a single vacuum source.
- The airflow mode door vacuum control motors are double-diaphragm actuators with two separate vacuum sources to allow the actuator to fully retract or partially retract.
- When vacuum is applied to both vacuum sources, the actuator will fully retract.
- When vacuum is applied only to the partial stage vacuum source, the actuator will partially retract.

Coolant Control Valve
The coolant control valve is actuated by the coolant control valve vacuum circuit. When the coolant control valve is closed (at full vacuum), coolant flow through the heater core is shut off and A/C cooling efficiency is increased.

Plenum Chamber Control Components - DATC:

Dual Automatic Temperature Control
The dual automatic temperature control (DATC) module analyzes input from the following major sources:
- temperature, function and blower selection (made by the vehicle occupants)
- in-vehicle temperature
- in-vehicle humidity
- ambient temperature
- sunload
- vehicle speed
- engine coolant temperature

Using these inputs, the DATC module determines the correct conditions for the following outputs:
- A/C compressor operation
- blower speed
- LH side temperature blend door position
- RH side temperature blend door position
- panel airflow door position
- airflow door positions
- coolant control valve

Control System Inputs-DATC

DATC Module (Climate Control Assembly)
The DATC module:
- is located in the instrument panel.
- has a vacuum fluorescent display for displaying set temperature, function and diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).
- utilizes an on-board diagnostic (OBD) feature to supply the technician with diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs). These DTCs direct the technician to the inoperative component.

Steering Wheel Audio/Climate Control Switch
The steering wheel audio/climate control switch:
- is located on the right side of the steering wheel.
- allows the driver to adjust the passenger compartment temperature setting and manually override the blower motor speed setting.

For removal and installation of the steering wheel audio/climate control switch, refer to Radio, Stereo and Compact Disc.

Ambient Air Temperature Sensor
The ambient air temperature sensor:
- is located in front of the condenser core.
- provides a resistance value to a reference voltage from the DATC module that is proportional to the outside ambient temperature. The resulting voltage is then returned to the DATC module where it is interpreted as a temperature reading.

In-Vehicle Temperature/Humidity Sensor
The in-vehicle temperature/humidity sensor operates in the following manner:
- A thermistor in the in-vehicle temperature/humidity sensor measures air temperature inside the passenger compartment
- A humidity transducer in the in-vehicle temperature/humidity sensor measures in-vehicle humidity.
- A hose and elbow is connected between the plenum chamber and the in-car temperature/humidity sensor.
- Airflow through the plenum chamber creates a venturi-type suction through the hose which draws passenger compartment air through the in-vehicle temperature/humidity sensor and across the thermistor and humidity transducer.

Solar Amplifier (Sunload Sensor)
The solar amplifier supplies information to the DATC module indicating LH side and RH side sunload. For information on the location and service of the solar amplifier, refer to Lighting and Horns.

Control System Outputs-DATC

Automatic Temperature Control (ATC) Solenoid and Manifold
The ATC solenoid and manifold:
- is located on the plenum chamber in front of the front floor console.
- is controlled by the DATC module.
- uses solenoid-type valves to distribute manifold vacuum to the vacuum control motors based on the settings of the DATC module.

Blower Motor Speed Control
The motor blower speed control:
- is located on the heater core and evaporator core housing near the blower motor.
- converts low power signals from the DATC module to a high current, variable ground feed or the blower motor.
- varies the blower motor speed and is controlled by the DATC module software.
- has a delay function to provide a gradual increase or decrease in blower motor speed under all conditions.
- controls the integral high blower speed relay which is engaged when maximum fan speed is selected.

Temperature Blend Door Actuators
The DATC system utilizes two temperature blend door actuators to control two separate temperature blend doors that independently vary the LH and RH side temperature settings, as desired. The temperature blend door actuators:
- are located on the plenum chamber.
- move the temperature blend doors on command from the DATC module.
- contain a reversible electric motor and a potentiometer. The potentiometer wiper is connected to the actuator output shaft and moves with the output shaft to indicate the position of the temperature blend door.
- receive a reference voltage to one end of the potentiometer. The voltage available at the wiper indicates the position of the potentiometer. The expressed value of the actuator wiper voltage is sent to the DATC module and is matched with an expected wiper voltage value. The DATC module then drives the actuator motor in whichever direction is necessary to make the actuator wiper voltage match the expected DATC module wiper voltage value.

Vacuum Control Motors
The three vacuum control motors have the following characteristics:
- They are actuated by the ATC solenoid and manifold based on input from the DATC module.
- They position the mode doors to direct system airflow to the vehicle interior as determined by the DATC module settings.
- The air inlet door vacuum control motor is a single-diaphragm actuator with a single vacuum source.
- The airflow mode door vacuum control motors are double-diaphragm actuators with two separate vacuum sources to allow the actuator to fully retract or partially retract.
- When vacuum is applied to both vacuum sources, the actuator will fully retract.
- When vacuum is applied only to the partial stage vacuum source, the actuator will partially retract.

Coolant Control Valve
The coolant control valve is actuated by the coolant control valve vacuum circuit. When the coolant control valve is closed (at full vacuum), coolant flow through the heater core is shut off and A/C cooling efficiency is increased.