Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
Manuals through 2025 now available!

Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.

LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!

Link: lemon-manuals.la or lemon-manuals.org.ua

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Identification: Overview

Ferrous metal particles (hot iron dust) are generated by manufacturing facilities, rail shipments, etc. These particles mechanically bond to a vehicle's painted surfaces. Moisture and temperature combine with particles to create a chemical reaction. This reaction creates an acid, causing the iron to corrode and enter the paint surface. Industrial fallout and acid rain generate corrosive compounds that fall on the vehicle's painted surfaces. When subjected to moisture and temperature, chemical compounds are created that etch the paint surface.
To assist in identitying surface contamination, use a (Tandy-Radio Shack # 63-851) 30x lighted magnifier.