Repair and Diagnosis
- A L L Diagnostic Trouble Codes ( DTC )
- Relays and Modules
- Relays and Modules - Accessories and Optional Equipment
- Relays and Modules - Body and Frame
- Relays and Modules - Brakes and Traction Control
- Relays and Modules - Cooling System
- Relays and Modules - HVAC
- Relays and Modules - Instrument Panel
- Relays and Modules - Lighting and Horns
- Relays and Modules - Power and Ground Distribution
- Relays and Modules - Powertrain Management
- Relays and Modules - Restraints and Safety Systems
- Relays and Modules - Starting and Charging
- Relays and Modules - Steering and Suspension
- Relays and Modules - Windows and Glass
- Relays and Modules - Wiper and Washer Systems
- Sensors and Switches
- Sensors and Switches - Accessories and Optional Equipment
- Sensors and Switches - Body and Frame
- Sensors and Switches - Brakes and Traction Control
- Sensors and Switches - Cooling System
- Sensors and Switches - Cruise Control
- Sensors and Switches - Engine
- Sensors and Switches - HVAC
- Sensors and Switches - Instrument Panel
- Sensors and Switches - Lighting and Horns
- Sensors and Switches - Powertrain Management
- Sensors and Switches - Computers and Control Systems
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch (For Computer)
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor
- Air Temperature Sensor ( Ambient / Intake )
- Oxygen Sensor
- Power Steering Pressure Switch
- Pressure Feedback Exhaust Sensor
- Throttle Full Open Switch
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
- Sensors and Switches - Emission Control Systems
- Sensors and Switches - Fuel Delivery and Air Induction
- Sensors and Switches - Ignition System
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Hall Effect Sensor
- Ignition Switch
- Ignition Switch Lock Cylinder
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- DTC B 1355 - Ignition Run Circuit Failure
- DTC B 1359 - Ignition Run/ACC Circuit Failure
- Pinpoint Test A - No Communications With GEM
- Pinpoint Test B - Ignition Switch Inoperative
- Pinpoint Test C - No Power In ACC Position
- Pinpoint Test D - No Power In on Position
- Pinpoint Test E - No Power In Start Position
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Specifications
- Sensors and Switches - Computers and Control Systems
- Sensors and Switches - Restraints and Safety Systems
- Sensors and Switches - Starting and Charging
- Ignition Switch
- Ignition Switch Lock Cylinder
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- DTC B 1355 - Ignition Run Circuit Failure
- DTC B 1359 - Ignition Run/ACC Circuit Failure
- Pinpoint Test A - No Communications With GEM
- Pinpoint Test B - Ignition Switch Inoperative
- Pinpoint Test C - No Power In ACC Position
- Pinpoint Test D - No Power In on Position
- Pinpoint Test E - No Power In Start Position
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Specifications
- Neutral Safety Switch
- Ignition Switch
- Sensors and Switches - Steering and Suspension
- Sensors and Switches - Transmission and Drivetrain
- Sensors and Switches - Windows and Glass
- Sensors and Switches - Wiper and Washer Systems
- Maintenance
- Alignment
- Tune-up and Engine Performance Checks
- Drive Belt
- Filters
- Hoses
- Fluids
- Brake Bleeding
- Air Bag(s) Arming and Disarming
- Fuses and Circuit Breakers
- Service Reminder Indicators
- Wheels and Tires
- Vehicle Lifting
- Tires
- Wheels
- Wheel Bearing
- Wheel Cover
- Wheel Hub
- Wheel Stud / Lug Nut
Technical Service Bulletins
- Vehicle Lifting
- Service Intervals
- Severe Service Defined
- Routine Service
- Normal Service
- 5000 MI or 8000 KM
- 10000 MI or 16000 KM
- 15000 MI or 24000 KM
- 20000 MI or 32000 KM
- 25000 MI or 40000 KM
- 30000 MI or 48000 KM
- 35000 MI or 56000 KM
- 40000 MI or 64000 KM
- 45000 MI or 72000 KM
- 50000 MI or 80000 KM
- 55000 MI or 88000 KM
- 60000 MI or 96000 KM
- 65000 MI or 104000 KM
- 70000 MI or 112000 KM
- 75000 MI or 120000 KM
- 80000 MI or 128000 KM
- 85000 MI or 136000 KM
- 90000 MI or 144000 KM
- 95000 MI or 152000 KM
- 100000 MI or 160000 KM
- 105000 MI or 168000 KM
- 110000 MI or 176000 KM
- 115000 MI or 184000 KM
- 120000 MI or 192000 KM
- 125000 MI or 200000 KM
- 130000 MI or 208000 KM
- 135000 MI or 216000 KM
- 140000 MI or 224000 KM
- 145000 MI or 232000 KM
- 150000 MI or 240000 KM
- Severe Service
- 3000 MI or 4800 KM
- 6000 MI or 9600 KM
- 9000 MI or 14400 KM
- 12000 MI or 19200 KM
- 15000 MI or 24000 KM
- 18000 MI or 28800 KM
- 21000 MI or 33600 KM
- 24000 MI or 38400 KM
- 27000 MI or 43200 KM
- 30000 MI or 48000 KM
- 33000 MI or 52800 KM
- 36000 MI or 57600 KM
- 39000 MI or 62400 KM
- 42000 MI or 67200 KM
- 45000 MI or 72000 KM
- 48000 MI or 76800 KM
- 51000 MI or 81600 KM
- 54000 MI or 86400 KM
- 57000 MI or 91200 KM
- 60000 MI or 96000 KM
- 63000 MI or 100800 KM
- 66000 MI or 105600 KM
- 69000 MI or 110400 KM
- 72000 MI or 115200 KM
- 75000 MI or 120000 KM
- 78000 MI or 124800 KM
- 81000 MI or 129600 KM
- 84000 MI or 134400 KM
- 87000 MI or 139200 KM
- 90000 MI or 144000 KM
- 93000 MI or 148800 KM
- 96000 MI or 153600 KM
- 99000 MI or 158400 KM
- 102000 MI or 163200 KM
- 105000 MI or 168000 KM
- 108000 MI or 172800 KM
- 111000 MI or 177600 KM
- 114000 MI or 182400 KM
- 117000 MI or 187200 KM
- 120000 MI or 192000 KM
- 123000 MI or 196800 KM
- 126000 MI or 201600 KM
- 129000 MI or 206400 KM
- 132000 MI or 211200 KM
- 135000 MI or 216000 KM
- 138000 MI or 220800 KM
- 141000 MI or 225600 KM
- 144000 MI or 230400 KM
- 147000 MI or 235200 KM
- 150000 MI or 240000 KM
Service and Repair
Technical Service Bulletins
- Engine, Cooling and Exhaust
- Engine
- Compression Check
- Camshaft, Lifters and Push Rods
- Cylinder Block Assembly
- Cylinder Head Assembly
- Drive Belts, Mounts, Brackets and Accessories
- Engine Lubrication
- Intake Manifold
- Lamps and Indicators - Engine
- Seals and Gaskets
- Sensors and Switches - Engine
- Timing Components
- Tune-up and Engine Performance Checks
- Water Pump
- Application and ID
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Specifications
Technical Service Bulletins
- Cooling System
- Coolant
- Coolant Line/Hose
- Coolant Reservoir
- Radiator Cooling Fan
- Engine - Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch
- Heater Core
- Heater Hose
- Lamps and Indicators - Cooling System
- Radiator
- Radiator Cap
- Radiator Hose
- Relays and Modules - Cooling System
- Sensors and Switches - Cooling System
- Temperature Gauge
- Temperature Warning Lamp/Indicator
- Thermostat
- Water Pump
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Specifications
Technical Service Bulletins
- Exhaust System
- Engine
- Powertrain Management
- Relays and Modules - Powertrain Management
- Sensors and Switches - Powertrain Management
- Sensors and Switches - Computers and Control Systems
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch (For Computer)
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor
- Air Temperature Sensor ( Ambient / Intake )
- Oxygen Sensor
- Power Steering Pressure Switch
- Pressure Feedback Exhaust Sensor
- Throttle Full Open Switch
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
- Sensors and Switches - Emission Control Systems
- Sensors and Switches - Fuel Delivery and Air Induction
- Sensors and Switches - Ignition System
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Hall Effect Sensor
- Ignition Switch
- Ignition Switch Lock Cylinder
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- DTC B 1355 - Ignition Run Circuit Failure
- DTC B 1359 - Ignition Run/ACC Circuit Failure
- Pinpoint Test A - No Communications With GEM
- Pinpoint Test B - Ignition Switch Inoperative
- Pinpoint Test C - No Power In ACC Position
- Pinpoint Test D - No Power In on Position
- Pinpoint Test E - No Power In Start Position
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Specifications
- Sensors and Switches - Computers and Control Systems
- Tune-up and Engine Performance Checks
- Computers and Control Systems
- A/C Signal
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Air Temperature Sensor ( Ambient / Intake )
- Auxiliary Air Valve (Idle Speed)
- Brake Signal
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch (For Computer)
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Crankshaft Position Timing Ring
- Data Link Connector
- EGR Backpressure Transducer
- Engine Control Module
- Fuel Pump Signal
- Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor
- Idle Speed/Throttle Actuator - Electronic
- Information Bus
- Integrated Control Relay Module
- Main Relay (Computer/Fuel System)
- Oxygen Sensor
- Power Steering Pressure Switch
- Pressure Feedback Exhaust Sensor
- Relays and Modules - Computers and Control Systems
- Sensors and Switches - Computers and Control Systems
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch (For Computer)
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor
- Air Temperature Sensor ( Ambient / Intake )
- Oxygen Sensor
- Power Steering Pressure Switch
- Pressure Feedback Exhaust Sensor
- Throttle Full Open Switch
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
- Throttle Full Open Switch
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
Service Precautions
Testing and Inspection
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Reading and Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- Reading Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- With Scan Tool
- Diagnostic Methods/Quick Tests
- Diagnostic Subroutines (DSR) - Extracting Codes
- DSR1 - Vehicle Preparation
- DSR2 - Retrieve and Record Any Continuous Memory DTCs
- DSR3 - Perform Key ON Engine OFF (KOEO) Self-Test
- DSR4 - Check Timing Using A Timing Light (DI Applications Only)
- DSR5 - Perform Key ON Engine Running (KOER) Self-Test
- DSR6 - Were Any Continuous Memory DTCs Received In DSR2
- DSR7 - Were Any Identical/Related DTCs Serviced During Testing
- DSR8 - Are There Additional (Unrelated) Continuous Memory DTCs
- DSR10 - Vehicle Preparation
- DSR11 - Retrieve and Record Any Continuous Memory DTCs
- DSR12 - Perform Key On Engine Off (KOEO) Self-Test
- DSR13 - Were Any Continuous Memory DTCs Received In DSR11?
- DSR14 - Were Any Identical/Related DTCs Serviced During Testing
- DSR15 - Are There Additional (Unrelated) Continuous Memory DTCs
- DSR20 - Check/Compare Parameter Identification (PID) Values
- DSR21 - Isolate Cause of Noisy PID Value
- Without Scan Tool
- With Scan Tool
- Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- Reading Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Diagnostic Routines
- 1 - No Crank
- 2 - Hard Start/Long Crank - Erratic Start/Erratic Crank
- 3 - No Start/Normal Crank
- 4 - Slow Return To Idle
- 5 - Fast Idle - Diesels/Runs On
- 6 - Low/Slow Idle
- 7 - Runs Rough-Misses-Buck/Jerk-Hesitation-Surge
- 8 - Backfires - Idle/Acceleration/Deceleration
- 9 - Lack/Loss of Power
- 10 - Spark Knock
- 11 - Poor Fuel Economy
- 12 - Emissions Compliance
- 13 - Warning Indicators
- 14 - Automatic Transmission Shift Concerns
- 15 - Instrumentation
- 16 - Oil System Concerns
- 17 - Overheating
- 18 - Cooling System Concerns - Fan Always Runs
- 19 - Exhaust System Concerns - Smoke
- 20 - Fuel System Concerns - Odor
- 21 - Engine Noise - Under Hood
- 22 - Engine Noise - Electric Secondary Air Pump Always Runs
- 23 - Climate Control - Lack of Cooling - A/C Not Functioning
- 24 - A/C Always On
- 25 - A/C Does Not Cut-Off Under WOT Conditions
- 26 - No Symptom Present - PCM Quick Test
- 27 - Lighting Systems - Stoplamp Concern
- 28 - Exhaust Odor (Sulphur/Rotten Egg Smell)
- 29 - DTC P1000 Received During Emission Test
- 30 - Fuel Pump Always Runs
- 32 - Multiplex Communication Network Concern
- Intermittent Symptoms
- Diagnostic Routines
- Pinpoint Tests
- A - No Start Test
- B - EEC Power Relay
- C - Reference Voltage (VREF)
- DA - Intake Air and Engine Coolant Temperature Sensors
- DC - Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor
- DH - Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
- DP - Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
- DR - Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor
- DS - Air Conditioning Pressure (ACP) Sensor
- FD - Brake On/Off (BOO) Switch
- FF - Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch
- FG - Octane Adjust (OCT ADJ)
- H - Fuel Control
- Test Notes
- Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) Locations
- HO2S Connector and Test Pin Numbers
- Injector Connector Pin Numbers and Test Pins
- H20
- H21 - H22
- H23 - H25
- H26 - H28
- H30 - H31
- H32 - H34
- H35 - H36
- H37
- H40
- H41
- H42
- H43 - H45
- H46 - H48
- H49 - H51
- H52 - H54
- H55 - H56
- H57 - H59
- H60 - H61
- H62 - H63
- H64 - H66
- H70 - H80
- H81 - H82
- H83 - H84
- H85 - H87
- H88 - H100
- H110 - H111
- HC - Fuel Delivery System
- HD - Misfire Detection Monitor
- HE - Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Systems
- HF - Catalyst Efficiency Monitor and Exhaust Systems
- HG - Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) System
- HM - Secondary Air Injection (AIR) System
- HT - Traction Control (TC) System
- HU - Intake Air System
- Test Notes
- Tables and Charts
- Pinpoint Test Schematics
- HU1 - HU3
- HU4 - HU5
- HU6 - HU8
- HU9 - HU10
- HU11 - HU13
- HU14 - HU15
- HU16 - HU17
- HU18 - HU19
- HU20 - HU23
- HU24 - HU26
- HU27 - HU28
- HU29 - HU31
- HU32 - HU33
- HU34 - HU35
- HU36 - HU37
- HU38 - HU40
- HU41 - HU42
- HU43 - HU45
- HU46 - HU49
- HU50 - HU51
- HU52 - HU53
- HU54 - HU55
- HU56 - HU58
- HU59 - HU62
- HU63 - HU65
- HU66 - HU69
- HU70 - HU71
- HW - Evaporative Emission (EVAP) - Purge Flow System
- HX - Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Monitor and System
- JB - Ignition Misfire Under Load
- JD - Integrated Ignition - No Spark
- JE - Integrated Ignition Coil 1, 2, 3 or 4 Failure
- Test Notes
- Pinpoint Test Schematics
- JE1 - JE3
- JE4 - JE8
- JE9 - JE12
- JE13 - JE15
- JE16 - JE20
- JE21 - JE24
- JE25 - JE29
- JE30 - JE32
- JE33 - JE35
- JE36 - JE38
- JE39 - JE42
- JE43 - JE46
- JE47 - JE50
- JE51 - JE53
- JE60 - JE61
- JE62 - JE64
- JE65 - JE68
- JE69 - JE72
- JE73 - JE75
- JE76 - JE78
- JE79 - JE81
- JE82 - JE90
- JE91 - JE93
- JE94 - JE98
- JE99 - JE102
- JE103 - JE105
- JE106 - JE108
- JE109 - JE112
- JE113 - JE116
- JE117 - JE120
- JE121 - JE123
- JH - Tachometer Output Failure
- KA - Fuel Pump Relay
- KE - Idle Air Control (IAC) Valve Assembly
- KF - Fan Control (FC) Relay
- KM - Wide Open Throttle (WOT) A/C Cutoff Relay, A/C Circuits
- MB - Output Test Mode (OTM) Not Functioning
- NB - Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL)
- NC - Ignition Engine Speed Input Circuit
- ND - Engine RPM/Vehicle Speed Limiter
- QA - Unable to Activate Self-Test/SCP Error/DTC Not Listed
- QB - DTC P0603
- QC - OBD II Monitor Testing Not Complete - DTC P1000
- QD - Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) P1260
- TB - Trans. Control Switch / Trans. Control Indicator Lamp
- X - Constant Control Relay Module (CCRM)
- Test Notes
- Test Schematic
- X1 - X3
- X15 - X16
- X17 - X20
- X21 - X25
- X26 - X30
- X31
- X35 - X36
- X40 - X42
- X43 - X46
- X48 - X51
- X52 - X53
- X65 - X66
- X70 - X80
- X81
- X83
- X85 - X100
- X101 - X102
- X103 - X104
- X105 - X106
- X107 - X110
- X111 - X115
- X116
- X120 - X124
- X125 - X128
- X130 - X135
- X150 - X152
- X153 - X155
- X160 - X162
- X163 - X170
- X171 - X175
- X176 - X179
- X180 - X182
- X183
- X185
- X190
- X194
- X195
- X200
- X205 - X210
- X211
- XB - Variable Load Control Module (VLCM)
- Z - Intermittent
- Intermittent Test Prioritization Chart
- Pinpoint Test Schematics
- Test Notes
- Worksheet For Road Test Procedure
- Z1 - Intermittent Test Procedure
- Z10 - Z11
- Z12 - Z13
- Z20 - Z21
- Z30 - Z31
- Z40
- Z41 - Z42
- Z43
- Z50
- Z51
- Z52 - Z191
- Z192 - Z226
- Z227 - Z234
- Z235 - Z241
- Z242 - Z247
- Z248 - Z254
- Z255 - Z278
- Z279 - Z285
- Z286 - Z291
- Z292 - Z297
- Z298 - Z304
- Z305 - Z310
- Z311 - Z316
- Scan Tool Testing and Procedures
- Mode 6 Data
- Monitors, Trips, Drive Cycles and Readiness Codes
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Technical Service Bulletins
- Emission Control Systems
- Catalytic Converter
- Deceleration Valve
- Evaporative Emissions System
- Exhaust Gas Recirculation
- Fillpipe Restrictor
- Positive Crankcase Ventilation
- Sensors and Switches - Emission Control Systems
Service Precautions
- Application and ID
Diagrams
Technical Service Bulletins
- Fuel Delivery and Air Induction
- Fuel Pressure
- Fuel Pressure Release
- Idle Speed
- Accelerator Pedal
- Air Cleaner Housing
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Auxiliary Air Valve (Idle Speed)
- Fillpipe Restrictor
- Fuel
- Fuel Filler Cap
- Fuel Filter
- Fuel Injector
- Fuel Line Coupler
- Fuel Pressure Check Valve
- Fuel Pressure Regulator
- Fuel Pressure Test Port
- Fuel Pump
- Fuel Pump Pickup Filter
- Fuel Rail
- Fuel Reservoir
- Fuel Return Line
- Fuel Supply Line
- Fuel Tank
- Idle Speed/Throttle Actuator - Electronic
- Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch
- Integrated Control Relay Module
- Main Relay (Computer/Fuel System)
- Relays and Modules - Fuel Delivery and Air Induction
- Resonator
- Sensors and Switches - Fuel Delivery and Air Induction
- Throttle Body
- Throttle Cable/Linkage
- Throttle Full Open Switch
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Variable Induction System
Service Precautions
Description and Operation
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Technical Service Bulletins
- Ignition System
- Firing Order
- Ignition Timing
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Hall Effect Sensor
- Ignition Cable
- Ignition Coil
- Sensors and Switches - Ignition System
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Hall Effect Sensor
- Ignition Switch
- Ignition Switch Lock Cylinder
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- DTC B 1355 - Ignition Run Circuit Failure
- DTC B 1359 - Ignition Run/ACC Circuit Failure
- Pinpoint Test A - No Communications With GEM
- Pinpoint Test B - Ignition Switch Inoperative
- Pinpoint Test C - No Power In ACC Position
- Pinpoint Test D - No Power In on Position
- Pinpoint Test E - No Power In Start Position
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Specifications
- Spark Plug
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
Diagrams
Technical Service Bulletins
- Transmission Control Systems
- Actuators and Solenoids - Transmission and Drivetrain
- Lamps and Indicators - Transmission and Drivetrain
- Sensors and Switches - Transmission and Drivetrain
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Reading and Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Descriptions
- Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch
- Brake On/Off (BOO Switch)
- Electronic Ignition (EI) System
- Electronic Pressure Control (EPC) Solenoid
- Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
- Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor
- Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor
- Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
- Shift Solenoid Assemblies (SS1, SS2, SS3)
- Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
- Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) Solenoid
- Trans Control Indicator Lamp (TCIL) and Control Switch (TCS)
- Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) Sensor
- Transmission Range (TR) Sensor
- Transmission Speed Sensor (TSS)
- Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
- Scan Tool Testing and Procedures
- Monitors, Trips, Drive Cycles and Readiness Codes
Locations
Diagrams
Technical Service Bulletins
- PROM - Programmable Read Only Memory
- Application and ID
Diagrams
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Transmission and Drivetrain
- Actuators and Solenoids - Transmission and Drivetrain
- Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
- Actuators and Solenoids - A/T
- Accumulator
- Band
- Band Apply Servo
- Case
- Clutch
- Differential
- Automatic Transmission Dipstick - Dipstick Tube
- Drive Chain
- Fluid - A/T
- Fluid Line/Hose
- Fluid Pan
- Fluid Pump
- Governor
- Lamps and Indicators - A/T
- Output Shaft
- Overdrive Switch
- Planetary Gears
- Pressure Regulating Solenoid
- Sensors and Switches - A/T
- Shift Interlock
- Shift Solenoid
- Shifter A/T
- Shift Linkage
- Speedometer Gear, A/T
- Sun Gear
- Thrust Washer/Bearing
- Torque Converter
- Torque Converter Clutch
- Torque Converter Clutch Solenoid
- Transmission Cooler
- Transmission Mode Indicator - A/T
- Transmission Mount
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch
- Transmission Pressure Test Port
- Transmission Speed Sensor
- Transmission Temperature Sensor/Switch
- Valve Body
- Application and ID
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Diagnosis By Symptom Directions
- Diagnosis By Symptom Index
- Engagement Concerns
- Shift Concerns
- 210/310 - Some or All Shifts Missing
- 211/311 - Shift Timing: Early/Late
- 212/312 - Shift Timing: Erratic/Hunting
- 213/313 - Shift Feel: Soft/Slipping
- 214/314 - Shift Feel: Harsh
- 215/315 - No 1ST Gear, Engages In Higher Gear
- 216/316 - No Manual 1ST Gear
- 217/317 - No Manual 2ND Gear
- 220/320 - 1-2 Shift (Automatic)
- 221/321 - 2-3 Shift (Automatic)
- 222/322 - 3-4 Shift (Automatic)
- 223/323 - 4-3 Shift (Automatic)
- 224/324 - 3-2 Shift (Automatic)
- 225/325 - 2-1 Shift (Automatic)
- Torque Converter Clutch Operation Concerns
- Other Concerns
- 249/349 - No Engine Braking In 3RD Gear (D Position)
- 250/350 - No ENG Braking In 1ST Gear Man 1ST Position
- 251/351 - Shift Lever Effort High
- 252/352 - External Leaks
- 253/353 - Poor Vehicle Performance
- 254/354 - Noise/Vibration, Forward or Reverse
- 255/355 - Engine Will Not Crank
- 256/356 - No Park Range
- 257/357 - Transmission Overheating
- Reference Charts
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
Locations
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Specifications
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Drive Axles, Bearings and Joints
- Flex Plate
- Lamps and Indicators - Transmission and Drivetrain
- Manual Transmission/Transaxle
- Sensors and Switches - Transmission and Drivetrain
- Transmission Control Systems
- Actuators and Solenoids - Transmission and Drivetrain
- Lamps and Indicators - Transmission and Drivetrain
- Sensors and Switches - Transmission and Drivetrain
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Reading and Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Descriptions
- Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch
- Brake On/Off (BOO Switch)
- Electronic Ignition (EI) System
- Electronic Pressure Control (EPC) Solenoid
- Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
- Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor
- Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor
- Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
- Shift Solenoid Assemblies (SS1, SS2, SS3)
- Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
- Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) Solenoid
- Trans Control Indicator Lamp (TCIL) and Control Switch (TCS)
- Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) Sensor
- Transmission Range (TR) Sensor
- Transmission Speed Sensor (TSS)
- Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
- Scan Tool Testing and Procedures
- Monitors, Trips, Drive Cycles and Readiness Codes
Locations
Diagrams
Technical Service Bulletins
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Brakes and Traction Control
- Antilock Brakes / Traction Control Systems
- ABS Light
- ABS Main Relay
- Braking Sensor/Switch
- Diagnostic Connector - ABS
- Electronic Brake Control Module
- Hydraulic Control Assembly - Antilock Brakes
- Traction Control Module
- Traction Control Switch
- Wheel Speed Sensor
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Reading and Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- Displaying and Reading Trouble Codes
- ABS Module Harness Connector Electrical Quick Check Sheet
- Quick Tests
- Test Notes
- QT1 Perform Electrical System Pre-Check
- QT2 Check The ABS And Traction Control Lamp Sequence
- QT3 Code Retrieval Equipment Hook Up
- QT4 Retrieve ABS Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- QT5 Verify The Ignition Power To The ABS Module
- QT6 Verify ABS Control Module Ground Is Intact
- QT7 Check The Amber ABS Lamp
- QT8 Verify The ABS Warning Lamp Feed
- QT9 Verify The Red Brake Lamp Feed Is Intact
- QT10 Check For A Blown Red Brake Bulb
- QT11 Traction Control Active Lamp Circuit Check
- QT12 Traction Control Active Lamp Bulb Check
- QT13 Verify The Traction Control Active Lamp Feed
- QT14 Traction Control Off Switch Check
- QT15 Traction Control Off Circuit Check
- QT16 Traction Control Off Lamp Bulb Check
- QT17 Traction Control Off Lamp Circuit Check
- QT18 Continue Traction Control Off Bulb Check
- With Manufacturer's Scan Tool
- Clearing Trouble Codes
- Displaying and Reading Trouble Codes
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Descriptions
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- How to Use Pinpoint Tests
- A DTC C1095, C1096 Hydraulic Pump Motor
- B DTC C1113, C1115, C1185 ABS power relay
- C DTC C1148, C1234 RF Wheel Speed Sensor Diag.
- D DTC C1158, C1233 LF Wheel Speed Sensor Diag.
- E DTC C1168, C1235 RR Wheel Speed Sensor Diag.
- F DTC C1178, C1236 LR Wheel Speed Sensor Diag.
- G DTC C1184, C1222 System Control Time-out
- H Dump, Isolation Valve Circuit Failure
- J DTC C1225, C1226, C1265, C1140 Warning Lamp
- K No Response During DTC Retrieval
- L Diagnosing Hydraulic Control Unit
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
- Scan Tool Testing and Procedures
- Pinout Values and Diagnostic Parameters
- Monitors, Trips, Drive Cycles and Readiness Codes
Locations
Service and Repair
Diagrams
- Diagram Information and Instructions
- Connector Views
- Antilock Brake System
- Anti-Lock Brake Control Module connector
- Conventional Instrument Cluster Connector C1
- Data Link Connector
- Electronic Instrument Cluster Connector C3
- LH Front Sensor Connector
- LH Rear Sensor Connector
- Red Brake Warning Lamp Relay Connector
- RH Front Sensor Connector
- RH Rear Sensor Connector
- 2-Pin Power Connector
- Traction Control System
- Anti-Lock Brake Control Module Connector
- Conventional Instrument Cluster Connector C1
- Conventional Instrument Cluster Connector C2
- Data Link Connector
- Electronic Instrument Cluster Connector C3
- LH Front Sensor Connector
- LH Rear Sensor Connector
- Message Center Connector
- Red Brake Warning Lamp Relay Connector
- RH Front Sensor Connector
- RH Rear Sensor Connector
- 2 Pin Power Connector
- Antilock Brake System
- Electrical Diagrams
Technical Service Bulletins
- Brake Bleeding
- Brake Pedal Assy
- Disc Brake System
- Drum Brake System
- Hydraulic System
- Parking Brake System
- Power Brake Assist
- Relays and Modules - Brakes and Traction Control
- Sensors and Switches - Brakes and Traction Control
Testing and Inspection
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- A - Brakes Pull or Drift
- B - Brake Warning Indicator Always ON
- C - Vibration When Brakes Are Applied
- D - Brake Pedal Goes Down Fast
- E - Pedal Goes Down Slowly
- F - Pedal Is Low or Feels Spongy
- G - Brakes Lockup When Applied
- H - Excessive and/or Erratic Pedal Travel
- J - Brakes Drag
- K - Excessive Brake Pedal Effort
- L - Brake Noise
- M - Slow or Incomplete Brake Pedal Return
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
Locations
Specifications
Technical Service Bulletins
- Antilock Brakes / Traction Control Systems
- Starting and Charging
- Sensors and Switches - Starting and Charging
- Ignition Switch
- Ignition Switch Lock Cylinder
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- DTC B 1355 - Ignition Run Circuit Failure
- DTC B 1359 - Ignition Run/ACC Circuit Failure
- Pinpoint Test A - No Communications With GEM
- Pinpoint Test B - Ignition Switch Inoperative
- Pinpoint Test C - No Power In ACC Position
- Pinpoint Test D - No Power In on Position
- Pinpoint Test E - No Power In Start Position
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Specifications
- Neutral Safety Switch
- Ignition Switch
- Relays and Modules - Starting and Charging
- Battery
- Charging System
- Alternator
- Voltage Regulator
Service Precautions
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- Pinpoint Test Notes
- Schematics Used With Tests
- A: System Does Not Charge
- B: System Overcharges
- C: Charge Lamp Stays On, Eng Running
- Connector Views Used In Pinpoint Tests
- D: Charge Lamp Stays On, Ign Off
- E: Charge Lamp Does Not Come On
- F: Charge Lamp Flickers/Intermittent
- G: Alternator Noisy
- H: Radio Interference
- J: Batt Does Not Hold A Charge
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
Diagrams
Specifications
Tools and Equipment
- Starting System
- Ignition Switch
- Ignition Switch Lock Cylinder
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- DTC B 1355 - Ignition Run Circuit Failure
- DTC B 1359 - Ignition Run/ACC Circuit Failure
- Pinpoint Test A - No Communications With GEM
- Pinpoint Test B - Ignition Switch Inoperative
- Pinpoint Test C - No Power In ACC Position
- Pinpoint Test D - No Power In on Position
- Pinpoint Test E - No Power In Start Position
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Specifications
- Neutral Safety Switch
- Neutral Start Relay (Inhibitor Relay)
- Starter Motor
- Starter Solenoid
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Tools and Equipment
- Ignition Switch
- Power and Ground Distribution
- Circuit Breaker
- Diode
- Electronic Noise Suppressor
- Fuse
- Fuse Block
- Fusible Link
- Multiple Junction Connector
- Power Distribution Relay
- Relays and Modules - Power and Ground Distribution
- Relay Box
Service Precautions
Description and Operation
Service and Repair
- Module Service Precautions
- Wiring Harness Service
- Air Bag Sensors
- Battery and Starter
- Cowl Wiring
- Engine Compartment Apron and Cowl Wiring
- Engine Ground Strap
- Engine Wiring
- Fog Lamps
- Front Door Wiring
- Generator and Wiring
- Headlamp
- High Mount Stop Lamp
- Instrument Panel Wiring
- LH Front Floorpan Wiring
- LH Rear
- License Lamp
- Liftgate Wiring
- Map/Dome Lamp and Cargo Lamp
- Parking Brake Warning Lamp Switch Wiring
- Radiator Support Wiring
- Rear Lamps
- Rear Quarter Panel, Lower Back and Rear Header Wiring
- Speed Control Servo and Cable
- Steering Column
- Underbody Wiring
- Vanity Illumination and Dome Lamp Wiring
- Windshield Washer Reservoir
- Connector and Terminal Service
- Relays
Diagrams
Specifications
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
Technical Service Bulletins
- Sensors and Switches - Starting and Charging
- Power and Ground Distribution
- Circuit Breaker
- Diode
- Electronic Noise Suppressor
- Fuse
- Fuse Block
- Fusible Link
- Multiple Junction Connector
- Power Distribution Relay
- Relays and Modules - Power and Ground Distribution
- Relay Box
Service Precautions
Description and Operation
Service and Repair
- Module Service Precautions
- Wiring Harness Service
- Air Bag Sensors
- Battery and Starter
- Cowl Wiring
- Engine Compartment Apron and Cowl Wiring
- Engine Ground Strap
- Engine Wiring
- Fog Lamps
- Front Door Wiring
- Generator and Wiring
- Headlamp
- High Mount Stop Lamp
- Instrument Panel Wiring
- LH Front Floorpan Wiring
- LH Rear
- License Lamp
- Liftgate Wiring
- Map/Dome Lamp and Cargo Lamp
- Parking Brake Warning Lamp Switch Wiring
- Radiator Support Wiring
- Rear Lamps
- Rear Quarter Panel, Lower Back and Rear Header Wiring
- Speed Control Servo and Cable
- Steering Column
- Underbody Wiring
- Vanity Illumination and Dome Lamp Wiring
- Windshield Washer Reservoir
- Connector and Terminal Service
- Relays
Diagrams
Specifications
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Steering and Suspension
- Alignment
- Relays and Modules - Steering and Suspension
- Sensors and Switches - Steering and Suspension
- Steering
- Power Steering
- Sensors and Switches - Steering
- Steering Column
- Steering Gear
- Steering Shaft
- Steering Wheel
- Tie Rod
Testing and Inspection
Locations
Service and Repair
Specifications
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Suspension
- Ball Joint
- Control Arm
- Lateral Stabilizer Rod
- Radius Arm
- Rear Knuckle
- Relays and Modules - Suspension
- Sensors and Switches - Suspension
- Spindle
- Stabilizer Bar
- Strut / Shock Tower
- Subframe
- Suspension Control ( Automatic - Electronic )
- Air Dryer
- Air Line
- Air Spring
- Compressor/Pump
- Compressor/Pump Relay
- Level Control Solenoid Valve
- Ride Height Sensor
- Suspension Mode Switch
- Vehicle Speed Sensor Signal
Service Precautions
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Reading and Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- A No Communication With GEM
- B DTC C1724 Height Sensor Power Signal
- C DTCs C1770 and C1772 Vent Solenoid
- D DTCs C1790, C1792, C1795 & C1797 Air Spring Solenoid
- E DTCs C1830 & C1832 Compressor Coil Relay Circuit
- F DTCs C1850 & C1852 Warning Lamp Circuit
- G DTC C1840 Air Suspension Switch Circuit Failure
- H DTCs C1763 & C1768
- J DTCs C1813 & C1818
- K DTC 0500
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
- Scan Tool Testing and Procedures
- Pinout Values and Diagnostic Parameters
Locations
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Specifications
Tools and Equipment
- Suspension Spring ( Coil / Leaf )
- Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber
- Suspension Travel Bumper
- Torque Rod
- Wheel Bearing
- Wheel Hub
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
Locations
Specifications
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Wheels and Tires
- Vehicle Lifting
- Tires
- Wheels
- Wheel Bearing
- Wheel Cover
- Wheel Hub
- Wheel Stud / Lug Nut
Technical Service Bulletins
Technical Service Bulletins
- Heating and Air Conditioning
- Accumulator HVAC
- Air Door
- Air Duct
- Air Register
- Blower Motor
- Blower Motor Relay
- Blower Motor Resistor
- Blower Motor Switch
- Cabin Air Filter / Purifier
- Cabin Ventilation Grille
- Compressor HVAC
- Compressor Clutch Relay
- Compressor Fitting HVAC
- Condenser HVAC
- Control Assembly
- Coupler HVAC
- Evaporator Case
- Evaporator Core
- Evaporator Drain Tube
- Expansion Block/Orifice Tube
- Expansion Valve
- Heater Core
- Heater Hose
- High Pressure Safety Valve HVAC
- Hose/Line HVAC
- Housing Assembly HVAC
- Receiver Dryer
- Refrigerant
- Refrigerant Filter
- Refrigerant Oil
- Refrigerant Pressure Sensor / Switch
- Relays and Modules - HVAC
- Sensors and Switches - HVAC
- Service Port HVAC
- Vacuum Harness HVAC
- Vacuum Reservoir HVAC
Service Precautions
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- Pinpoint Tests General System Diagnosis
- Connector End Views Used In Pinpoint Tests
- Electrical Schematics Used In Pinpoint Tests
- A: Improper/Erratic Airflow From Outlets
- B: Insufficient , Erratic or No Heat
- C: A/C Does Not Operate/Does Not Operate Correctly
- D: A/C Always ON
- E: No Operation In All Temperature Settings
- F: Blower Motor Does Not Operate
- G: Blower Motor Operates In High Speed Only
- H: No Operation In High Blower Setting
- J: Engine Cooling Fan Does Not Operate When A/C Is Activated
- Pinpoint Tests Manual A/C-Heater (Main System)
- Pinpoint Tests Auxilliary A/C-Heating System
- Pinpoint Tests General System Diagnosis
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Specifications
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Restraints and Safety Systems
- Air Bag Systems
- Air Bag(s) Arming and Disarming
- Air Bag
- Air Bag Control Module
- Air Bag Deactivation Switch
- Clockspring Assembly / Spiral Cable
- Diagnostic Connector
- Impact Sensor
- Safing Sensor
- Side Air Bag
- Standby Power Supply
Service Precautions
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Reading and Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- B Code Charts
- DTC B1867 : Lost or Low Battery Feed Voltage
- DTC B1913 : Air Bag Circuit Shorted to Ground
- DTC B1914 : Primary Crash Sensor Circuit Shorted to Ground
- DTC B1921: Diagnostic Monitor Ground Circuit Open
- DTC B1922 : Safing Sensor Output Shorted to Battery Voltage
- DTC B1923: Memory Clear Circuit Improperly Grounded
- DTC B1932: Driver Air Bag Circuit High Resistance/Open
- DTC B1933: Passenger Air Bag Circuit High Resistance/Open
- DTC B1934: Driver Air Bag Circuit Low Resistance/Shorted
- DTC B1935: Passenger Air Bag Circuit Low Resistance/Shorted
- DTC B1941: Center Primary Sensor Feed/Return Circuit Open
- DTC B1942: LH Primary Crash Sensor Feed/Return Circuit Open
- DTC B1944: Center Primary Sensor Not Mounted Properly
- DTC B1945: LH Primary Crash Sensor Not Mounted Properly
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Priority Index
- B Code Charts
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- Glossary Of Terms Used In Pinpoint Tests
- A: System Disarm Failure or Internal Diagnostic Monitor Fault
- B: Module Communication Error
- C: DTC B1869: No Air Bag Indicator/Inoperative Lamp Circuit
- D: Continuous Air Bag Indicator-Monitor Disconnected/Inop.
- E: Rapid Continuous Flashing of Air Bag Indicator (No DTCs)
Locations
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Specifications
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Child Seat
- Head Restraint System
- Relays and Modules - Restraints and Safety Systems
- Seat Belt Systems
- Sensors and Switches - Restraints and Safety Systems
- Air Bag Systems
- Accessories and Optional Equipment
- Antenna
- Antitheft and Alarm Systems
- Alarm Module
- Alarm System Transmitter
- Hood Sensor/Switch (For Alarm)
- Keyless Entry
- Antenna - Keyless Entry
- Keyless Entry Key-Pad
- Keyless Entry Module
- Keyless Entry Transmitter
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- Connector Views Used With Tests
- Schematics Used With Tests
- Test A : Memory Door Lock Does Not Work
- Test B : All Door Locks Do Not Work
- Test C : Lock/Unlock or Door Locks/Liftgate Lock Inop
- Test D : One Door Lock Does Not Work
- Test E : Illuminated Entry Does Not Work From Keyless Entry Pad
- Test F : Illuminated Entry Does Not Work From Keyless Entry
- Test G : Anti-Theft System Does Not Arm or Disarm
- Test H : Personal Security Alarm Inop From Keyless Entry
- Test J : Interior Lamps Do Not Turn Off
- Test K : Remote Transmitter Function Inoperative
- Test L : Keyless Entry Keypad Does Not Work Properly
- Test M : Autolock Does Not Work Properly
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Trunk/Liftgate Sensor/Switch (For Alarm)
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- Diagnostic Schematic and Connector Information
- Schematics
- Anti-Theft Alarm Control Module Connector C1
- Anti-Theft Alarm Control Module Connector C2
- Indicator Lamp Module Connector
- Generic Electronic Module Connector C1
- Generic Electronic Module Connector C2
- Ignition Switch Connector
- Electronic Door Lock Control Processor Connector C1
- Harness 14290 to Wiper Harness 8 Pin Connector
- Test Notes
- Test A: Alarm System Does Not Arm or Disarm Properly
- Test B: Alarm System Does Not Activate Properly
- Test C: Alarm System Does Not Disarm After Activation
- Test D: Engine Will Not Crank
- Test E: Alarm Indicator Is On All the Time
- Test F: Alarm Indicator Fails to Tun on
- Test G: Horn, Headlamps/Exterior Lamps Always On
- Test H: System Activates Falsely
- Diagnostic Schematic and Connector Information
Diagrams
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Driver/Vehicle Information Display
- General Module
- Radio, Stereo, and Compact Disc
- Amplifier
- Compact Disc Player (CD)
- Radio/Stereo
- Remote Control Module
- Speaker
- Tape Player
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- Diagnostic Schematic and Connector Information
- Schematics Used In Pinpoint Tests
- Connector Views Used In Pinpoint Test
- Electronic Search Cassette/Radio With Rear Seat Radio Control
- Premium Analog Cassette or Compact Disc Radio Chassis
- Premium Analog Cassette Radio With Compact Disc Player
- Radio Chassis Connector C1
- Radio Chassis Connector C2
- Radio Chassis Connector C3
- Radio Chassis Connector C4
- Radio Amplifier Connector C1
- Radio Amplifier Connector C2
- Radio Amplifier Connector C3
- Digital Audio Compact Disc Player
- Rear Seat Radio Control Connector
- Subwoofer Amplifier Connector C1
- Subwoofer Amplifier Connector C2
- Subwoofer Amplifier Connector C3
- Test Notes
- A: Radio Inoperative - Does Not Operate Properly
- B: Radio Display Blank - Radio Operates
- C: Radio/Tape Player Inoperative/Does Not Operate Properly
- D: Radio/Tape Player Display Blank-Radio/Tape Player Operates
- E: Radio/CD Player Inoperative/Doesn't Operate Properly
- F: Radio/CD Player Display Blank-Radio/CD Player Operates
- G: Tape Player Only Inoperative/Does Not Operate Properly
- H: CD Player Only Inoperative/Doesn't Operate Properly
- J: Rear Radio Control Inoperative/Doesn't Operate Properly
- K: Noisy Reception - AM and FM
- L: Noisy Reception - AM Only
- M: Noisy Reception - FM Only
- N: One or More Speakers Distorted - Not All Speakers
- P: All Speakers Distorted
- Q: No Sound From One or More Speakers - Not All Speakers
- R: No Sound From All Speakers
- S: No Sound From Remote Headphones
- T: Poor Sound Quality From One or More Speakers-Not All Speakers
- U: Poor Sound Quality From All Speakers
- Diagnostic Schematic and Connector Information
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Relays and Modules - Accessories and Optional Equipment
- Sensors and Switches - Accessories and Optional Equipment
- Towing / Trailer System
- Trailer Connector
- Trip Computer
Technical Service Bulletins
- Body and Frame
- Air Bag(s) Arming and Disarming
- Cabin Ventilation Grille
- Cowl
- Doors, Hood and Trunk
- Exterior Moulding / Trim
- Frame
- Interior Moulding / Trim
- Ash Tray
- Carpet
- Console
- Dashboard / Instrument Panel
- Air Bag(s) Arming and Disarming
Service Precautions
Description and Operation
Service and Repair
Specifications
Tools and Equipment
- Glove Compartment
- Trim Panel
Technical Service Bulletins
- Locks
- Keyless Entry
- Antenna - Keyless Entry
- Keyless Entry Key-Pad
- Keyless Entry Module
- Keyless Entry Transmitter
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- Connector Views Used With Tests
- Schematics Used With Tests
- Test A : Memory Door Lock Does Not Work
- Test B : All Door Locks Do Not Work
- Test C : Lock/Unlock or Door Locks/Liftgate Lock Inop
- Test D : One Door Lock Does Not Work
- Test E : Illuminated Entry Does Not Work From Keyless Entry Pad
- Test F : Illuminated Entry Does Not Work From Keyless Entry
- Test G : Anti-Theft System Does Not Arm or Disarm
- Test H : Personal Security Alarm Inop From Keyless Entry
- Test J : Interior Lamps Do Not Turn Off
- Test K : Remote Transmitter Function Inoperative
- Test L : Keyless Entry Keypad Does Not Work Properly
- Test M : Autolock Does Not Work Properly
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Power Locks
- Power Door Lock Actuator
- Power Door Lock Relay
- Power Door Lock Switch
Testing and Inspection
Diagrams
Technical Service Bulletins
Technical Service Bulletins
- Keyless Entry
- Mirrors
- Heated Element
- Power Mirror Motor
- Power Mirror Switch
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- Connector Views Used In Pinpoint Tests
- Schematics Used With Pinpoint Tests
- Test A : Both RH and LH Mirrors Inoperative
- Test B : Single Mirror Inoperative
- Test C : Single Mirror Does Not Function With Switch Logic
- Test D : Auto Dimming Inside Mirror Not Switch Automatically
- Test E : Heated Outside Mirror Does Not Defrost
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
Adjustments
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Specifications
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Paint, Striping and Decals
- Relays and Modules - Body and Frame
- Seats
- Child Seat
- Head Rest
- Head Restraint System
- Power Seat Motor
- Power Seat Switch
- Seat Cover
- Seat Cushion
- Seat Latch
- Seat Track
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- Connector Views Used In Pinpoint Tests
- Schematics Used In Pinpoint Tests
- Test A : Power Seat Moves - Noisy Operation
- Test B: Power Seat Moves But Is Loose
- Test C: Power Seat Does Not Make Full Travel
- Test D : Track Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically
- Test E: Power Seat Completely Inoperative
- Test F: Forward/Backward Sliding Operation Works Improperly
- Test G : Up/Down Tilting Operation Does Not Work Properly
- Test H: Up/Down Lifting Operation Does Not Work Properly
- Test J: Power Lumbar Support Does Not Work Properly
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Specifications
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Sensors and Switches - Body and Frame
- Spare Tire Carrier
- Strut / Shock Tower
- Tailgate
- Unibody
- Weatherstrip
Description and Operation
Technical Service Bulletins
- Cruise Control
- Brake Switch (Cruise Control)
- Clutch Switch
- Cruise Control Servo
- Cruise Control Servo Cable
- Cruise Control Switch
- Sensors and Switches - Cruise Control
- Vehicle Speed Sensor/Transducer - Cruise Control
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- Connector Views Used In Tests
- Schematics Used With Tests
- A: Speed Control Inoperative
- B: Set Speed Fluctuates
- C: Speed Control Does Not Disengage When Brakes Applied
- D: Speed Control Indicator Does Not Turn On
- E: Cruise Indicator Does Not Turn Off
- F: Coast Switch Inoperative
- G: SET/ACCEL Switch Inoperative
- H: Resume Switch Inoperative
- J: Off Switch Inoperative
Locations
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Specifications
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Instrument Panel, Gauges and Warning Indicators
- ABS Light
- Audible Warning Device
- Charge Lamp/Indicator
- Cigarette Lighter
- Dashboard / Instrument Panel
- Air Bag(s) Arming and Disarming
Service Precautions
Description and Operation
Service and Repair
Specifications
Tools and Equipment
- Dimmer Switch
- Door/Trunk Ajar Indicator/Lamp
- Driver/Vehicle Information Display
- Fuel Distance/Mileage Module
- Fuel Gauge
- Fuel Gauge Sender
- Instrument Cluster / Carrier
- Air Bag(s) Arming and Disarming
- Instrument Panel Bulb
- Instrument Panel Circuit Board
- Panel Illumination Control Module
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- Pinpoint Tests (Conventional Instrument Cluster)
- Pinpoint Tests (Electronic Instrument Cluster)
- Test Notes
- A: Display Not Illuminated, Dim or Blank But Backlighted
- AA: High Beam Warning Never/Always ON
- AB: Anti-Lock Warning Never/Always ON
- AC: Air Bag Warning Never/Always ON
- AD: Safety Belt Warning Lamp Fails Prove Out
- AE: Safety Belt Warning Lamp Never Comes ON
- AF: Low Oil Pressure Warning Never/Always ON
- B: Display Scrambled/Half Lit/Blinking/Missing
- C: Display Does Not Respond or No Beep
- D: CO Displayed, Top & Bottom Diag Bars Displayed
- E: CS Displayed, Top & Bottom Diag Bars Displayed
- F: Inaccurate Fuel Gauge Indication
- G: Temp Gauge Displays Top & Bottom Diag Bars
- H: Temp Gauge Always Indicates Hot or Cold Temp
- J: No Warning Tone When Thermometer Symbol Is Blinking
- K: Charge System Warning Always ON
- L: Speedometer Reads 0 KPH (MPH) At All Speeds
- M: Speedometer Reads Too High or Too Low
- N: Speed Indication Jumps Up and Down Erratically
- P: Display Has "S" Illuminated
- Q: Mileage Reads Too High or Too Low
- R: Odometer Counts 1.6 km (1 Mi) Then Jumps Back
- S: Tachometer Reads High, Low, Erratic or No Tach
- T: Instant/Average Fuel Economy Reads 0 or 99 MPG
- U: Trip Distance Does Not Accumulate
- V: DTE Does Not Go Below 200 Miles W/Tank Empty
- W: Low Washer Fluid Warning Never ON
- X: Low Washer Fluid Warning Never/Always ON
- Y: Check Engine (MIL) Warning Always ON
- Z: Brake Warning Never/Always ON
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
- Pinout Values and Diagnostic Parameters
Service and Repair
Specifications
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Low Fuel Lamp/Indicator
- Odometer
- Oil Change Reminder Lamp
- Oil Pressure Sender
- Oil Pressure Warning Lamp/Indicator
- Relays and Modules - Instrument Panel
- Sensors and Switches - Instrument Panel
- Speedometer Head
- Tachometer
- Temperature Gauge
- Temperature Sensor (Gauge)
- Temperature Warning Lamp/Indicator
- Transmission Mode Indicator - A/T
Service Precautions
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
- Interior Lamp Module
- Instrument Cluster and Panel Lights
- Control Module Switch Connector
- Conventional Instrument Cluster Connector C1
- Conventional Instrument Cluster Connector C2
- Electrical Schematics
- Electronic Instrument Cluster Connector C1
- Electronic Instrument Cluster Connector C2
- Electronic Instrument Cluster Connector C3
- Message Center Switch Assembly Connector
- Radio Chassis Connector C1
Diagrams
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Lighting and Horns
- Backup Lamp
- Brake Lamp
- Brake Light Switch
- Cargo Lamp
- Center Mounted Brake Lamp
- Courtesy Lamp
- Courtesy Lamp Relay
- Door Lamp
- Glove Box Lamp
- Interior Light Switch
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- B1313 Battery Saver Relay Coil Circuit Failure
- B1315 Battery Saver Relay Coil Circuit Open/Short to B+
- B1474 Battery Saver Relay Power Output Circuit Short to B+
- AA DTC B1317, B1318 - Battery Voltage High or Low
- AB DTC B1322, B1330, B1334, B1335 - Ajar Sw. Short to Grd.
- AC No Comms With Generic Electronic Module
- AD Courtesy Lamps Inop
- AE Courtesy Lamps on Continuously
- AF Individual Courtesy Lamp Inop
- AG Dome Lamp Inop
- AH One or More Map Lamps Inop
- AJ Rear Cargo Lamp Inop
- AK Engine Compartment Lamp Inop
- AL Glove Compartment Lamp Inop
- AM Vanity Mirror Lamps Inop
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
- Pinout Values and Diagnostic Parameters
Service and Repair
Diagrams
- Daytime Running Lamp
- Daytime Running Lamp Control Unit
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
Diagrams
Specifications
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Dimmer Switch
- Battery Discharge Protection Relay
- Dome Lamp
- Fog/Driving Lamp
- Hazard Warning Lamps
- Headlamp
- Headlamp Dimmer Switch
- Headlamp Relay
- Headlamp Switch
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
Adjustments
Service and Repair
Diagrams
- Horn
- License Plate Lamp
- Map Light
- Marker Lamp
- Parking Lamp
- Relays and Modules - Lighting and Horns
- Sensors and Switches - Lighting and Horns
- Tail Lamp
- Turn Signals
- Underhood Lamp
- Vanity Lamp
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
Service and Repair
Diagrams
Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Windows and Glass
- Heated Glass Element
- Relays and Modules - Windows and Glass
- Sensors and Switches - Windows and Glass
- Windows
- Windshield
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Descriptions
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code Index
- B Code Charts
- DTC B1302: Delayed Accessory Relay Coil Circuit Failure
- DTC B1304: Delayed Accessory Relay Coil Circuit Short to Battery
- DTC B1345 : Rear Window Defrost Switch Input Circuit Short to Ground
- DTC B1347: Rear Window Defrost Relay Coil Circuit Failure
- DTC B1349: Rear Window Defrost Relay Coil Shorted to Battery
- DTC B1398: Driver Window One Touch Relay Circuit Failure
- DTC B1400: LF Power Window One Touch Down Relay Coil Circuit Short to Battery
- DTC B1405: LF Power Window Down Circuit Short to Battery
- DTC B1408: LF Power Window Up Circuit Short to Battery
- DTC B1410: LF Power Window Motor Circuit Failure
- DTC B1475: Delayed Accessory Relay Contact Short to Battery
- DTC B1478 : LF Power Window UP/DOWN Pressed Simultaneously
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
Technical Service Bulletins
- Wiper and Washer Systems
- Relays and Modules - Wiper and Washer Systems
- Sensors and Switches - Wiper and Washer Systems
- Washer Fluid Level Indicator
- Windshield Washer Pump
- Windshield Washer Relay
- Windshield Washer Reservoir
- Windshield Washer Spray Nozzle
- Windshield Washer Switch
- Wiper Arm
- Wiper Blade
- Wiper Control Module
- Wiper Motor
- Wiper Motor Linkage
- Wiper Relay
- Wiper Switch
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Descriptions
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code Index
- B Code Charts
- B1431: Wiper Run Relay Coil Circuit Failure
- B1432: Wiper Brake/Run Relay Circuit Short to Battery
- B1434: Wiper High/Low Speed Relay Coil Circuit Failure
- B1436: Wiper High/Low Speed Relay Coil Circuit Short to Battery
- B1438: Wiper Mode Select Switch Circuit Failure
- B1441: Wiper Front Mode Select Switch Circuit Short to Ground
- B1446: Wiper Front Park Sense Circuit Failure
- B1448: Wiper Front Park Sense Circuit Short to Battery
- B1450: Wiper Wash/Delay Switch Circuit Failure
- B1453: Wiper Wash/Delay Switch Circuit Snort to Ground
- B1456: Low Washer Fluid Lamp Short to Battery
- B1458: Wiper Washer Pump Motor Relay Coil Circuit Failure
- B1460: Wiper Washer Pump Motor Relay Coil Ckt Short to Batt.
- B1466: Wiper High/Low Speed Not Switching
- B1467: Wiper Motor Circuit Short to Battery
- B1473: Wiper Low Speed Motor Circuit Failure
- B1476: Wiper High Speed Motor Circuit Failure
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
Adjustments
Diagrams
Tools and Equipment
- Application and ID
Testing and Inspection
Locations
Diagrams
- Diagram Information and Instructions
- Exploded Views
- Connector Views
- Air Bag Control Module
- Air Door Actuator / Motor, HVAC
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Alarm Module, (Vehicle Antitheft)
- Amplifier, Sound System
- Antilock Brakes / Traction Control Systems
- System Diagram
- Antilock Brake System
- Anti-Lock Brake Control Module connector
- Conventional Instrument Cluster Connector C1
- Data Link Connector
- Electronic Instrument Cluster Connector C3
- LH Front Sensor Connector
- LH Rear Sensor Connector
- Red Brake Warning Lamp Relay Connector
- RH Front Sensor Connector
- RH Rear Sensor Connector
- 2-Pin Power Connector
- Traction Control System
- Anti-Lock Brake Control Module Connector
- Conventional Instrument Cluster Connector C1
- Conventional Instrument Cluster Connector C2
- Data Link Connector
- Electronic Instrument Cluster Connector C3
- LH Front Sensor Connector
- LH Rear Sensor Connector
- Message Center Connector
- Red Brake Warning Lamp Relay Connector
- RH Front Sensor Connector
- RH Rear Sensor Connector
- 2 Pin Power Connector
- Antilock Brake System
- ABS Light
- Diagnostic Connector - ABS
- Electronic Brake Control Module
- Wheel Speed Sensor
- System Diagram
- Backup Lamp Switch
- Blower Motor Relay
- Blower Motor Switch
- Canister Purge Solenoid
- Compact Disc Player (CD)
- Control Assembly, HVAC
- Cruise Control Servo
- Data Link Connector
- Daytime Running Lamp Control Unit
- EGR Backpressure Transducer
- EGR Electronic Vacuum Regulator Solenoid
- Engine Control Module
- Fog/Driving Lamp Switch
- General Module
- Hazard Warning Switch
- Headlamp Dimmer Switch
- Headlamp Switch
- Heated Glass Element Switch
- Ignition Coil
- Ignition Switch
- Instrument Panel, Gauges and Warning Indicators
- Integrated Control Relay Module
- Keyless Entry Key-Pad
- Keyless Entry Module
- Mirrors
- Multiple Junction Connector
- Neutral Safety Switch
- Oxygen Sensor
- Power Door Lock Switch
- Power Seat Motor
- Power Seat Switch
- Power Window Switch
- Radio/Stereo
- Remote Control Module, Audio - Stereo
- Trailer Connector
- Transmission Control Systems
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch, A/T
- Turn Signal Switch
- Variable Induction System
- Wiper and Washer Systems
- Electrical Diagrams
- Power and Ground Distribution
- System Diagram
- Fuse
- Fuse Block
- Fusible Link
- Air Bag Systems
- Antilock Brakes / Traction Control Systems
- Antitheft and Alarm Systems
- Charging System
- Cooling System
- Cruise Control
- Doors
- General Module
- Heated Glass Element
- Heating and Air Conditioning
- Instrument Panel, Gauges and Warning Indicators
- Keyless Entry
- Lighting and Horns
- Mirrors
- Overdrive Switch, A/T
- Power Locks
- Powertrain Management
- Radio/Stereo
- Seats
- Shift Interlock, A/T
- Starting System
- Suspension Control ( Automatic - Electronic )
- Trailer Connector
- Transmission Control Systems
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch, A/T
- Windows
- Wiper and Washer Systems
- Power and Ground Distribution
- Mechanical Diagrams
- Fluid Diagrams
- Vacuum and Vapor Hose Diagrams
- Components
- Connectors
- Grounds
- Splices
Specifications
- Electrical Specifications
- Mechanical Specifications
- Power and Ground Distribution
- Air Bag Systems
- Air Cleaner Housing
- Air Duct
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Alignment
- Alternator
- Amplifier, Sound System
- Antenna, Radio
- Ash Tray
- Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
- System Specifications
- Automatic Transmission Dipstick - Dipstick Tube
- Case, A/T
- Drive Chain, A/T
- Fluid Line/Hose, A/T
- Fluid Pan, A/T
- Fluid Pump, A/T
- Governor, A/T
- Shift Cable, A/T
- Shifter A/T
- Speedometer Gear, A/T
- Torque Converter
- Transmission Cooler, A/T
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch, A/T
- Transmission Speed Sensor, A/T
- Valve Body, A/T
- Axle Shaft
- Ball Joint
- Battery
- Brakes and Traction Control
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Cargo Lamp
- Catalytic Converter
- Center Mounted Brake Lamp
- Compact Disc Player (CD)
- Compressor Fitting HVAC
- Compressor HVAC
- Condenser HVAC
- Console
- Control Arm
- Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch (For Computer)
- Cooling System
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Cruise Control
- Dashboard / Instrument Panel
- Daytime Running Lamp
- Dome Lamp
- EGR Tube
- EGR Valve
- Engine
- System Specifications
- Camshaft Gear/Sprocket
- Camshaft Thrust Plate
- Camshaft, Engine
- Cylinder Block Assembly
- Cylinder Head Assembly
- Drive Belt
- Drive Belt Tensioner
- Engine Mount
- Engine Oil Dip Stick - Dip Stick Tube
- Engine Oil Drain Plug
- Intake Manifold
- Lifter / Lash Adjuster, Valve
- Oil Pan, Engine
- Oil Pressure Sender
- Oil Pump, Engine
- Timing Components
- Engine Control Module
- Evaporator Case
- Exhaust Manifold
- Expansion Block/Orifice Tube
- Firing Order
- Flex Plate
- Fog/Driving Lamp
- Fuel Filter
- Fuel Pressure Regulator
- Fuel Rail
- Fuel Tank
- Glove Compartment
- Hazard Warning Switch
- Headlamp Dimmer Switch
- Headlamp Switch
- Heater Hose
- Horn
- Hose/Line HVAC
- Idle Speed
- Ignition Coil
- Ignition Switch
- Instrument Cluster / Carrier
- Integrated Control Relay Module
- License Plate Lamp
- Marker Lamp
- Mirrors
- Oxygen Sensor
- Power Steering Fluid Cooler
- Power Steering Line/Hose
- Power Steering Pump
- Power Window Switch
- Radius Arm
- Rear Door Window Regulator
- Seat Belt Systems
- Seats
- Spare Tire
- Spark Plug
- Speaker
- Speedometer Head
- Spindle
- Stabilizer Bar, Sway Control
- Starter Motor
- Starter Solenoid
- Steering Column
- Steering Shaft
- Steering Wheel
- Suspension Control ( Automatic - Electronic )
- Suspension Strut / Shock Absorber
- Suspension Travel Bumper
- Throttle Body
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Tie Rod
- Torque Rod
- Turn Signal Switch
- Variable Induction System
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
- Voltage Regulator
- Wheel Hub
- Wheel Stud / Lug Nut
- Wheels
- Window Glass
- Windshield Washer Reservoir
- Windshield Washer Switch
- Wiper Arm
- Wiper Motor
- Wiper Motor Linkage
- Wiper Switch
- Pressure, Vacuum and Temperature Specifications
- Capacity Specifications
- Fluid Type Specifications
Technical Service Bulletins
Diagnostic Trouble Codes