Power Steering
Power SteeringPower Steering - Hydraulic System
The power steering system consists of the following components:
^ Power steering pump
^ Fluid reservoir
^ Rack-and-pinion steering gear
^ Fluid cooler
^ Power steering pressure and return lines/hoses
^ Inner tie rod
^ Variable assist power steering (VAPS) actuator
The power steering system uses a vane-type pump to pump the fluid from the reservoir to the rack-and-pinion steering gear. The power steering pump is mounted to the engine and is driven by the accessory belt from the engine crankshaft. Power steering fluid is pulled into one side of the pump from the reservoir by vacuum. The power steering fluid is then trapped and squeezed into a smaller area inside the pump. This action pressurizes the fluid as it flows to the rest of the system. A pressure relief/flow valve is built into the pump to control the maximum pressure. The relief pressure is between 9,200-10,205 kPa (1,334-1,480 psi). This action prevents damage to the system during different engine speeds. The power steering fluid, while under pressure, flows through the high pressure power steering line to the rack-and-pinion steering gear.
The VAPS system controls the level of power assistance available to the driver based on vehicle speed. At very low speeds, full power steering assist is provided to lessen steering efforts and increase maneuverability. At faster speeds, steering assist decreases gradually at a calibrated rate to raise steering efforts for increased directional stability and greater road feel.
Power Steering Gear Identification
NOTE: Always use the ID code when ordering service parts.
The steering gear identification code is stamped into the housing.
Power Steering Pump Identification
NOTE: Always use the ID code when ordering service parts.
The pump identification code is located on a tag attached to the power steering pump.
