Fan Clutch: Description and Operation
ENGINE CONTROL COMPONENTSVisctronic Drive Fan (VDF)
The VDF is an electrically actuated viscous clutch that consists of 3 main elements:
- a working chamber
- a reservoir chamber
- an actuator (electromechanical valve and speed sensor)
The actuator valve controls the fluid flow from the reservoir into the working chamber. Once viscous fluid is in the working chamber, shearing of the fluid results in fan rotation. The valve is activated via a pulse width module (PWM) output signal from the PCM. By opening and closing the fluid port valve, the PCM controls the fan speed. Fan speed is measured through a Hall effect sensor, and is monitored by the PCM during closed loop operation. The PCM optimizes the fan speed based on the engine coolant temperature, the engine oil temperature, the transmission fluid temperature, the intake air temperature, or air conditioning requirements. When an increased demand for fan speed is requested for vehicle cooling, the PCM monitors the fan speed through the Hall effect sensor. If a fan speed increase is required, the PCM outputs the PWM signal to the fluid port, providing the required fan speed increase. During the key on, engine running (KOER) self-test, the PCM commands a 100% duty cycle. A diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is set if the PCM detects the voltage on the valve control circuit is not within the expected range or if the fan speed is less than a calibrated value.
Visctronic Drive Fan (VDF):
