Manuals through 2025 now available!

Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.

LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!

Link: lemon-manuals.la or lemon-manuals.org.ua

(Some people have issue connecting. LEMON is investigating. For now, use Firefox or change your DNS server)

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"Closed Loop"

"Closed Loop"
The specific values for the above conditions vary with different engines, and are stored in the Electronically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM). When these conditions are met, the systems goes into "Closed Loop" operation. In "Closed Loop," the control module calculates the air/fuel ratio (injector "ON"-time) based on the signal from the HO2S. This allows the air/fuel ratio to stay very close to 14.6:1.