Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
Manuals through 2025 now available!

Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.

LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!

Link: lemon-manuals.la or lemon-manuals.org.ua

(Some people have issue connecting. LEMON is investigating. For now, use Firefox or change your DNS server)

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Cranking Enrichment


The ECU provides an increased pulse duration during engine cranking in addition to any enrichment due to the coolant temperature sensor or the cold start injectors. The additional signal reduces slightly when cranking stops, but does not fall to normal level for a few seconds. This temporary enrichment sustains the engine during initial running.