Front Wheel Alignment
SUSPENSION: FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT: ADJUSTMENT
NOTICE:
If the wheel alignment has been adjusted, or if suspension or underbody components have been removed/installed or replaced, be sure to perform the following initialization procedure in order for the system to function normally.
* Disconnect the cable from the negative battery terminal for more than 2 seconds.
* Reconnect the cable to the negative battery terminal.
* Perform zero point calibration of the yaw rate and acceleration sensor and test mode inspection.
1. INSPECT TIRES
HINT
Inspect the tires Component Tests and General Diagnostics.
2. MEASURE VEHICLE HEIGHT
(a) Bounce the vehicle at the corners up and down to stabilize the suspension and inspect vehicle height.
Vehicle height (Unloaded vehicle):
2WD:
4WD:
Measuring points:
A
Ground clearance of front wheel center
B
Ground clearance of front center position of front suspension lower arm assembly front bushing installation bolt head
C
Ground clearance of rear center position of rear No. 2 suspension arm bushing installation bolt threads
D
Ground clearance of rear wheel center
NOTICE:
* Before inspecting the wheel alignment, adjust the vehicle height to the specified value.
* Be sure to perform measurement on a level surface.
* If it is required to go under the vehicle for measurement, confirm that the parking brake is applied and the vehicle is secured with chocks.
3. INSPECT TOE-IN
(a) Bounce the vehicle up and down at the corners to stabilize the suspension.
(b) Release the parking brake and move the shift lever to the neutral position.
(c) Push the vehicle straight ahead approximately 5 m (16.4 ft.).(*1)
(d) Put tread center marks on the rearmost points of the front wheels and measure the distance between the marks (dimension B).
(e) Slowly push the vehicle straight ahead to cause the front wheels to rotate 180° using a front tire pressure valve as a reference point.
HINT
Do not allow the wheels to rotate more than 180°. If the wheels rotate more than 180°, perform the procedure from *1 again.
(f) Measure the distance between the tread center marks on the front side of the wheels.
Toe-in:
HINT
If the toe-in is not within the specified range, adjust it at the rack ends.
4. ADJUST TOE-IN
(a) Measure the thread lengths of the right and left rack ends.
Standard:
Difference in thread length is 1.5 mm (0.059 in.) or less.
(b) Remove the rack boot set clips.
(c) Loosen the tie rod end lock nuts.
(d) Adjust the rack ends if the difference in thread length between the right and left rack ends is not within the specified range.
(1) Extend the shorter rack end if the measured toe-in deviates towards the outside.
(2) Shorten the longer rack end if the measured toe-in deviates towards the inside.
(e) Turn the right and left rack ends by an equal amount to adjust toe-in.
HINT
Try to adjust the toe-in to the center of the specified range.
(f) Make sure that the lengths of the right and left rack ends are the same.
(g) Tighten the tie rod end lock nuts.
Torque : 56 Nm (571 kgf-cm, 41 ft-lbf)
NOTICE:
Temporarily tighten the lock nut while holding the hexagonal part of the steering rack end so that the lock nut and the steering rack end do not turn together. Hold the width across flat of the tie rod end and tighten the lock nut.
(h) Place the boots on the seats and install the clips.
HINT
Make sure that the boots are not twisted.
5. INSPECT WHEEL ANGLE
(a) Put tread center marks on the rearmost points of a turning radius gauge.
(b) Turn the steering wheel fully left and right and measure the turning angle.
Wheel turning angle:
2WD:
4WD:
(c) If the right and left inside wheel angles differ from the specified range, check the lengths of the right and left rack ends.
6. INSPECT CAMBER, CASTER AND STEERING AXIS INCLINATION
(a) Place a front wheel on the center of the wheel alignment tester.
(b) Remove the center ornament.
(c) Install a camber-caster-kingpin gauge at the center of the axle hub or drive shaft.
(d) Inspect the camber, caster, and steering axis inclination.
Camber, caster, and steering axis inclination:
2WD:
4WD:
NOTICE:
* Inspect while the vehicle is empty.
* The maximum tolerance of right and left difference for the camber and caster is 30' (0.5°) or less.
(e) Remove the camber-caster-kingpin gauge.
(f) Install the center ornament.
If the caster and steering axis inclination are not within the specified values after the camber has been correctly adjusted, recheck the suspension parts for damaged and/or worn out parts.
7. INSPECT FRONT SUSPENSION (for 2WD)
(a) Inspect the front suspension member.
(1) Measure the dimension between the center of the installation bolts of the front lower suspension arm.
Standard:
692.5 to 699.5 mm (27.26 to 27.54 in.)
(2) If the result is not within the specification, replace the front suspension member.
(b) Inspect the front lower suspension arm assembly.
(1) Remove the front lower suspension arm assembly Removal.
(2) Measure the dimension between the center of the front lower suspension arm assembly bush and the center of position A.
Standard:
362 to 364.6 mm (14.25 to 14.35 in.)
HINT
If the dimension of the front lower suspension arm assembly changes 2 mm (0.079 in.), the camber will change approximately 15' (0.25°).
(c) Inspect the front upper suspension arm assembly.
(1) Remove the front upper suspension arm assembly Removal.
(2) Measure the dimension between the center of the front upper suspension arm assembly bush and the center of the ball joint stud.
Standard:
A
241 to 242.6 mm (9.49 to 9.55 in.)
B
215.1 to 216.7 mm (8.47 to 8.53 in.)
HINT
If the dimension of the front upper suspension arm assembly changes 2 mm (0.079 in.), the camber will change approximately 15' (0.25°).
8. ADJUST CASTER
(a) Based on the caster inspection values, select a lower arm bracket sub-assembly.
Part No. Information:
9. ADJUST CAMBER (for 4WD)
(a) Loosen the nut of the front No. 2 suspension camber adjust cam.
(b) Turn the front No. 1 suspension camber adjust cam to adjust the camber.
Camber:
-0°25' +/- 45' (-0.42° +/- 0.75°)
NOTICE:
* Inspect while the vehicle is empty.
* The maximum tolerance of right and left difference for the camber and caster is 30' (0.5°) or less.
* Be sure to inspect toe-in after the camber has been adjusted.
HINT
If the camber adjust cam is turned 1 notch to the left when viewing from the front of the vehicle (the bolt moves approximately 1 mm (0.04 in.) to the outside), the camber will change by approximately -0°08' (0.04 in.).
(c) Tighten the camber adjust cam nut.
Torque : 119 Nm (1,210 kgf-cm, 88 ft-lbf)
10. PLACE FRONT WHEELS FACING STRAIGHT AHEAD
11. DISCONNECT CABLE FROM NEGATIVE BATTERY TERMINAL
12. CONNECT CABLE TO NEGATIVE BATTERY TERMINAL
13. PERFORM YAW RATE SENSOR ZERO POINT CALIBRATION
HINT
Perform yaw rate sensor zero point calibration Programming and Relearning.
14. CHECK STEERING ANGLE SENSOR ZERO POINT CALIBRATION
HINT
Check the steering angle sensor zero point calibration C1290.