Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
Manuals through 2025 now available!

Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.

LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!

Link: lemon-manuals.la or lemon-manuals.org.ua

(Some people have issue connecting. LEMON is investigating. For now, use Firefox or change your DNS server)

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Engine Coolant Protection Inspection

CAUTION:
^ The engine has aluminum parts that can be damaged by alcohol or methanol antifreeze. Do not use alcohol or methanol in the cooling system. Use only ethylene-glycol-based coolant.
^ Use only soft (demineralized) water in the coolant mixture. Water that contains minerals will cut down on the coolant's effectiveness.





1. Measure the coolant temperature and specific gravity by using a thermometer and a hydrometer.
2. Determine the coolant protection by referring to the graph shown.
3. If the coolant protection is not proper add water or coolant as necessary.
Antifreeze Mixture Percentages
^ Above -16° C:
Water 65%
Coolant 35%
^ Above -26° C:
Water 55%
Coolant 45%
^ Above -40° C:
Water 45%
Coolant 55%