Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
Manuals through 2025 now available!

Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.

LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!

Link: lemon-manuals.la or lemon-manuals.org.ua

(Some people have issue connecting. LEMON is investigating. For now, use Firefox or change your DNS server)

Or, hide this message: temporarily or permanently

Oscilloscope Patterns and Waveforms

Inspection Using An Oscilloscope (Reference)

Front HO2S heater control




- Terminal connected:1 V (+)-Negative battery terminal
- Oscilloscope setting: 5 V/DIV (Y): 50 ms/DIV (X), DC range
- Measurement condition: Idling after warm-up (no load)

Rear HO2S heater control




- Terminal connected: 2 A (+)-Negative battery terminal
- Oscilloscope setting: 5 V/DIV (Y): 5- ms/DIV (X), DC range
- Measurement condition: Idling after warm-up (no load)