TURBOCHARGER INSPECTION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2]

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Prior Inspection

1.  Inspect the idle speed. (See ENGINE TUNE-UP [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)

2.  Verify if a Soot Accumulation in diesel particulate filter too high or diesel particulate filter Inspection Required message is displayed in multi-information display.

•  If a Soot Accumulation in diesel particulate filter too high message is displayed, perform compulsory diesel particulate filter regeneration. (See COMPULSORY DIESEL PARTICULATE FILTER REGENERATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
•  If a diesel particulate filter Inspection Required message is displayed, perform a DTC inspection. (See DTC TABLE [PCM (SKYACTIV-D 2.2)].)

3.  Verify if the fuel tank level warning light is illuminated.

•  If it is illuminated, refuel.
•  If it is not illuminated, verify if the fuel being used is appropriate.

4.  Inspect the oil level. (See ENGINE OIL LEVEL INSPECTION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)

5.  Inspect the fuel filter. (See FUEL FILTER INSPECTION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)

6.  Inspect the vacuum pump and vacuum lines. (See VACUUM PUMP INSPECTION.) (See VACUUM LINE INSPECTION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)

7.  Inspect the charge air cooler. (See CHARGE AIR COOLER INSPECTION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)

8.  Inspect the intake-air system related hoses for disconnection.

9.  Inspect the air cleaner element. (See AIR CLEANER ELEMENT INSPECTION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)


Symptom Troubleshooting Selection

MALFUNCTION

DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM INSPECTION ITEMS
•  Turbocharger malfunction
―  Large-type turbine malfunction
―  Large-type turbine wheel damage, sticking
―  Large-type compressor malfunction
―  Large-type compressor wheel damage, sticking
―  Small-type turbine malfunction
―  Small-type turbine wheel damage, sticking
―  Small-type compressor malfunction
―  Small-type compressor wheel damage, sticking
•  Compressor bypass valve malfunction
•  Regulating valve malfunction
•  Turbocharger with variable turbine geometry malfunction
(See Charging Deficiency Inspection.)
•  Turbocharger shaft seal malfunction
(See Oil Leakage Inspection.)
•  Interference with turbocharger rotation mechanism housing
(See Abnormal Noise Inspection.)

Structural view

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Charging Deficiency Inspection


Malfunction location determination (large-type turbocharger, small-type turbocharger)

1.  Shift the selector lever to the P position:

2.  Start the engine.

3.  Connect the M-MDS to the DLC-2.

4.  Display PID MAP and BARO using the data logger function.

5.  Depress the accelerator pedal and verify the MAP and BARO value when the engine rotation speed rises to 3,700 rpm or more.

Difference between MAP and BARO is less than 10 kPa {75 mmHg, 3.0 inHg}
•  Perform charging deficiency inspection for large-type turbocharger. (See Large-type turbocharger charging deficiency inspection.)
Difference between MAP and BARO is 10 kPa {75 mmHg, 3.0 inHg} or more
•  Perform charging deficiency inspection for small-type turbocharger. (See Small-type turbocharger charging deficiency inspection.)


Large-type turbocharger charging deficiency inspection

Possible cause

MALFUNCTION OCCURRENCE LOCATION

PHENOMENON

CAUSE

INSPECTION ORDER
Large-type compressor side
Large-small compressor connection pipe
Pressurization leak
Connection looseness or disconnection of large-small compressor connection pipe
1
Compressor bypass valve
Pressurization leak
Crack in compressor bypass valve outlet
2
Small valve opening angle
Valve sticking
Rod link deformity
Vacuum malfunction in compressor bypass solenoid valve
6
Large-type turbine side
Between turbine inlet and exhaust manifold
Regulating valve
Between turbine outlet and catalytic converter
Exhaust gas leakage
Cracks
Gasket deterioration
3, 11
Regulating valve
Variable nozzle opening angle
Valve sticking
Rod link deformity, deviation, interference
Regulating valve actuator operation malfunction
4, 13
Exhaust gas leakage
Cracks
12
Turbocharger with variable turbine geometry
Variable nozzle opening angle
Turbocharger with variable turbine geometry cartridge sliding part sticking
Rod link deformity, deviation, interference
Variable turbine geometry turbocharger actuator operation malfunction
5
Exhaust gas leakage
Turbocharger with variable turbine geometry cartridge deformity, deviation
Foreign matter adhering to seal surface
10
Large-type compressor wheel
Wheel damage or sticking
Foreign matter penetration
Rotation exceeds threshold maximum
7
Large-type turbocharger shaft or bearing
Sticking or dislodged, broken large-type compressor installation nut
Foreign matter penetration
Deficient lubrication
8
Large-type turbine wheel
Wheel damage or sticking
Foreign matter penetration
Rotation exceeds threshold maximum
9

Large-type turbocharger charging deficiency inspection (on-vehicle inspection)

STEP

INSPECTION

RESULTS

ACTION
1
INSPECTION OF PRESSURIZATION LEAKAGE FROM LARGE-SMALL COMPRESSOR CONNECTION PIPE
•  Inspect for disconnection, looseness in large-small compressor connection pipe.
•  If there is even slight looseness, apply soapy water and verify if bubbles are produced while running the engine under no load (selector lever in P position, engine speed 3,700 rpm or more.)
•  Are bubbles produced?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
2
INSPECTION OF PRESSURIZATION LEAKAGE FROM COMPRESSOR BYPASS VALVE OUTLET
•  Inspect the compressor bypass valve outlet area for cracks.
•  If cracking locations cannot be discerned, apply soapy water and verify if bubbles are produced while running the engine under no load (selector lever in P position, engine speed 3,700 rpm or more.)
•  Are there cracks or bubbles produced?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
3
INSPECTION OF EXHAUST GAS LEAKAGE FROM LARGE-TYPE TURBINE SIDE
•  Inspect the following locations for the sound of exhaust gas leakage.
―  Between turbine inlet and cylinder head
―  Regulating valve
―  Between turbine outlet and catalytic converter
•  Is there exhaust gas leakage?
Yes
Go to Step 11 of the large-type turbocharger charging deficiency inspection (single-unit inspection).
No
Go to the next step.
4
REGULATING VALVE OPENING ANGLE INSPECTION
Caution
•  Be careful not to move the regulating valve rod when inspecting the regulating valve. Otherwise, the regulating valve actuator could be damaged.
•  Do not use a tool when inspecting the regulating valve fitting bolt for looseness. Otherwise, It could affect the setting of the regulating valve. Visually inspect the regulating valve fitting bolt when inspecting it for looseness.
•  Perform the following inspections.
―  Is the rod link deformed?
―  Has the snap ring come off?
―  Is the regulating valve actuator fitting bolt loose?
―  Is there a malfunction in the regulating valve actuator? (See REGULATING VALVE ACTUATOR INSPECTION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].) (See REGULATING VALVE ACTUATOR POSITION SENSOR INSPECTION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Inspect the vacuum pipe.
If it is normal, go to the next step.
If there is any malfunction, repair or replace the malfunctioning part.
5
TURBOCHARGER WITH VARIABLE TURBINE GEOMETRY OPENING ANGLE INSPECTION
Caution
•  Do not move the rod of the turbocharger with variable turbine geometry when inspecting the turbocharger with variable turbine geometry. Otherwise, the turbocharger with variable turbine geometry could be damaged.
•  Do not use a tool when inspecting the fitting bolt of the turbocharger with variable turbine geometry for looseness. Otherwise, It could affect the setting of the turbocharger with variable turbine geometry. Visually inspect the turbocharger with variable turbine geometry fitting bolt when inspecting it for looseness.
•  Perform the following inspections.
―  Is the rod link deformed?
―  Has the snap ring come off?
―  Is the fitting bolt of the turbocharger with variable turbine geometry loose?
―  Inspect the mid-connector of the Variable turbine geometry turbocharger actuator.
•  Is there an open circuit?
•  Is the insulation peeled back?
•  Is the connector securely connected?
―  Is there a malfunction in the Variable turbine geometry turbocharger actuator? (See VARIABLE TURBINE GEOMETRY TURBOCHARGER ACTUATOR INSPECTION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].) (See VARIABLE TURBINE GEOMETRY TURBOCHARGER ACTUATOR POSITION SENSOR INSPECTION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
•  Is there any malfunction in the inspection results?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
6
COMPRESSOR BYPASS VALVE OPENING ANGLE INSPECTION
•  Perform the following inspections:
―  Is the compressor bypass valve link deviated?
―  Remove the air pipe of the compressor outlet and verify that the compressor bypass valve closes normally and that there are no gaps.
―  Remove the compressor bypass valve vacuum pipe, and verify the lift amount with a vacuum pump. Starting with a change in lift amount of approx. -30 kPa {-225 mmHg, -8.9 inHg}, is the maximum lift amount (approx. 11 mm {0.43 in}) at approx. -60 kPa {-450 mmHg, -18 inHg}?
•  Is there any malfunction in the inspection results?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
7
LARGE-TYPE COMPRESSOR WHEEL INSPECTION
•  Remove the intake air hose and, using a mirror, visually inspect the wheel condition from the intake air side.
•  Is there deformity or damage?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
8
LARGE-TYPE TURBOCHARGER SHAFT AND BEARING INSPECTION
•  Rotate the induction side by hand and inspect for play in the axial direction.
•  Does the shaft not rotate smoothly or is there play of 0.5 mm {0.02 in} or more?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
9
LARGE-TYPE TURBINE WHEEL INSPECTION
•  Remove the catalytic converter and visually inspect the wheel condition from the exhaust gas side.
•  Is there deformity or damage?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
10
Inspect the turbocharger with variable turbine geometry for gas leakage.
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Remove the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
Go to Step 13 of the large-type turbocharger charging deficiency inspection (single-unit inspection).

Large-type turbocharger charging deficiency inspection (single-unit inspection)

STEP

INSPECTION

RESULTS

ACTION
11
INSPECTION OF EXHAUST GAS LEAKAGE FROM TURBOCHARGER INSTALLATION AREA
•  Visually inspect the following parts:
―  Gasket between turbine inlet area and exhaust manifold
―  Gasket between turbine outlet area and catalytic converter
•  Is there evidence of exhaust gas leakage on the gasket*, or cracks spreading to the edge of the gasket?
Yes
If there is evidence of exhaust gas leakage on the gasket, replace with an appropriate gasket.
If there are cracks on the edge of the gasket, replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
12
INSPECT FOR EXHAUST GAS LEAKAGE FROM THE TURBINE HOUSING OR REGULATING VALVE
•  Are there cracks penetrating the turbine housing and regulating valve housing?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
13
INSPECTION OF REGULATING VALVE OPENING ANGLE
•  Visually inspect the link area of the regulating valve.
•  Is there deviation or interference?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
The large-type turbocharger is normal.


Small-type turbocharger charging deficiency inspection

Possible cause

MALFUNCTION OCCURRENCE LOCATION

PHENOMENON

CAUSE

INSPECTION ORDER
Small-type compressor side
Large-small compressor connection pipe
Pressurization leak
Connection looseness or disconnection of large-small compressor connection pipe
1
Compressor bypass valve
Pressurization leak
Crack in compressor bypass valve outlet
2
Large valve opening angle
Valve sticking
Rod link deformity
Vacuum malfunction in compressor bypass solenoid valve
5
Exhaust gas leakage
Valve deformity
Foreign matter adhering to seal surface
6
Small-type turbine side
Between turbine inlet and exhaust manifold
Between turbine outlet and catalytic converter
Exhaust gas leakage
Cracks
Gasket deterioration
3, 10
Regulating valve
Large valve opening angle
Valve sticking
Rod link deformity
Regulating valve actuator operation malfunction
4, 11
Exhaust gas leakage
Cracks
Valve deformity
Foreign matter adhering to seal surface
9, 10
Small-type compressor wheel
Wheel damage or sticking
Foreign matter penetration
Rotation exceeds threshold maximum
7
Small-type turbocharger shaft or bearing
Sticking or dislodged, broken small-type compressor installation nut
Foreign matter penetration
Deficient lubrication
8

Small-type turbocharger charging deficiency inspection (on-vehicle inspection)

STEP

INSPECTION

RESULTS

ACTION
1
INSPECTION OF PRESSURIZATION LEAKAGE FROM LARGE-SMALL COMPRESSOR CONNECTION PIPE
•  Inspect for disconnection, looseness in large-small compressor connection pipe.
•  If there is even slight looseness, apply soapy water and verify if bubbles are produced while running the engine under no load (selector lever in P position, engine speed 1500 rpm.)
•  Are bubbles produced?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
2
INSPECTION OF PRESSURIZATION LEAKAGE FROM COMPRESSOR BYPASS VALVE OUTLET
•  Inspect the compressor bypass valve outlet area for cracks.
•  If cracking locations cannot be discerned, apply soapy water and verify if bubbles are produced while running the engine under no load (selector lever in P position, engine speed 1500 rpm.)
•  Are there cracks or bubbles produced?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
3
INSPECTION OF EXHAUST GAS LEAKAGE FROM SMALL-TYPE TURBINE SIDE
•  Inspect the following locations for the sound of exhaust gas leakage.
―  Between turbine inlet and cylinder head
―  Between turbine outlet and catalytic converter
•  Is there exhaust gas leakage?
Yes
Go to Step 10 of the Small-type turbocharger charging deficiency inspection (single-unit inspection).
No
Go to the next step.
4
REGULATING VALVE ACTUATOR OPENING ANGLE INSPECTION
•  Is there a malfunction in the regulating valve actuator? (See REGULATING VALVE ACTUATOR INSPECTION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].) (See REGULATING VALVE ACTUATOR POSITION SENSOR INSPECTION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
Yes
Perform turbocharger initialization and repeat inspection.
(See TURBOCHARGER INITIALIZATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
Replace turbocharger if malfunction occurs even after performing initialization.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Inspect the vacuum pipe.
If it is normal, go to the next step.
If there is any malfunction, repair or replace the malfunctioning part.
5
COMPRESSOR BYPASS VALVE OPENING ANGLE INSPECTION
•  Perform the following inspections:
―  Is the compressor bypass valve link deviated?
―  Remove the air pipe of the compressor outlet and verify that the compressor bypass valve closes normally and that there are no gaps.
―  Remove the compressor bypass valve vacuum pipe, and verify the lift amount with a vacuum pump. Starting with a change in lift amount of approx. -30 kPa {-225 mmHg, -8.9 inHg}, is the maximum lift amount (approx. 11 mm {0.43 in}) at approx. -60 kPa {-450 mmHg, -18 inHg}?
•  Is there any malfunction in the inspection results?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
6
INSPECT FOR GAS LEAKAGE FROM COMPRESSOR BYPASS VALVE
•  Remove the intake air hose and visually inspect the compressor bypass valve. (If there is foreign matter adhering such as carbon to the seal surface, remove it.)
•  Is there deformity or damage?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
7
INSPECTION OF SMALL-TYPE COMPRESSOR WHEEL
•  Open the compressor bypass valve and visually inspect the wheel condition from the intake air side.
•  Is there deformity or damage?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Remove the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)

Small-type turbocharger charging deficiency inspection (single-unit inspection)

STEP

INSPECTION

RESULTS

ACTION
8
INSPECTION OF EXHAUST GAS LEAKAGE FROM TURBOCHARGER INSTALLATION AREA
•  Visually inspect the following parts:
―  Gasket between turbine inlet area and exhaust manifold
―  Gasket between turbine outlet area and catalytic converter
•  Is there evidence of exhaust gas leakage on the gasket*, or cracks spreading to the edge of the gasket?
Yes
If there is evidence of exhaust gas leakage on the gasket, replace with an appropriate gasket.
If there are cracks on the edge of the gasket, replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
9
INSPECT FOR EXHAUST GAS LEAKAGE FROM THE TURBINE HOUSING OR REGULATING VALVE
•  Are there cracks penetrating the turbine housing and regulating valve housing?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
10
INSPECTION OF SMALL-TYPE TURBOCHARGER SHAFT AND BEARING
•  Open the compressor bypass valve and verify that the rotation is smooth using a long object (long rod) from the intake air side.
Caution
•  Do not apply excessive load. Otherwise, the compressor wheel could be damaged.
•  Do not use a long object made of a hard material. Otherwise, it could cause damage to the compressor wheel.
•  Is the part normal?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
11
INSPECTION OF REGULATING VALVE OPENING ANGLE
•  Visually inspect the link area of the regulating valve.
•  Is there deviation or interference?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
The Small-type turbocharger is normal.

*  :Evidence of burning from exhaust gas leakage or soot adhering to the exterior side of the gasket bead.

Oil Leakage Inspection


Oil leakage inspection of compressor side

Possible cause

MALFUNCTION OCCURRENCE LOCATION

PHENOMENON

CAUSE

INSPECTION ORDER
Regulating valve
Largel valve opening angle
Valve sticking
Rod link deformity
Regulating valve actuator operation malfunction
1
Compressor bypass valve
Large valve opening angle
Valve sticking
Rod link deformity
Vacuum malfunction in compressor bypass solenoid valve
2
Exhaust gas leakage
Valve deformity
Foreign matter adhering to seal surface
5
Large-type compressor wheel
Wheel damage or sticking
Foreign matter penetration
Rotation exceeds threshold maximum
3
Large-type turbocharger shaft or bearing
Sticking or dislodged, broken large-type compressor installation nut
Foreign matter penetration
Deficient lubrication
4
Small-type compressor wheel
Wheel damage or sticking
Foreign matter penetration
Rotation exceeds threshold maximum
6
Small-type turbocharger shaft or bearing
Sticking or dislodged, broken small-type compressor installation nut
Foreign matter penetration
Deficient lubrication
7

Oil leakage inspection of compressor side

STEP

INSPECTION

RESULTS

ACTION
1
REGULATING VALVE ACTUATOR OPENING ANGLE INSPECTION
•  Is there a malfunction in the regulating valve actuator? (See REGULATING VALVE ACTUATOR POSITION SENSOR INSPECTION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Inspect the vacuum pipe.
If it is normal, go to the next step.
If there is any malfunction, repair or replace the malfunctioning part.
2
COMPRESSOR BYPASS VALVE OPENING ANGLE INSPECTION
•  Perform the following inspections:
―  Is the compressor bypass valve link deviated?
―  Remove the air pipe of the compressor outlet and verify that the compressor bypass valve closes normally and that there are no gaps.
―  Remove the compressor bypass valve vacuum pipe, and verify the lift amount with a vacuum pump. Starting with a change in lift amount of approx. -30 kPa {-225 mmHg, -8.9 inHg}, is the maximum lift amount (approx. 11 mm {0.43 in}) at approx. -60 kPa {-450 mmHg, -18 inHg}?
•  Is there any malfunction in the inspection results?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
3
LARGE-TYPE COMPRESSOR WHEEL INSPECTION
•  Remove the intake air hose and, using a mirror, visually inspect the wheel condition from the intake air side.
•  Is there deformity or damage?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
4
LARGE-TYPE TURBOCHARGER SHAFT AND BEARING INSPECTION
•  Rotate the induction side by hand and inspect for play in the axial direction.
•  Does the shaft not rotate smoothly or is there play of 0.5 mm {0.02 in} or more?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
5
INSPECT FOR GAS LEAKAGE FROM COMPRESSOR BYPASS VALVE
•  Remove the intake air hose and visually inspect the compressor bypass valve. (If there is foreign matter adhering such as carbon to the seal surface, remove it.)
•  Is there deformity or damage?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
6
INSPECTION OF SMALL-TYPE COMPRESSOR WHEEL
•  Open the compressor bypass valve and visually inspect the wheel condition from the intake air side.
•  Is there deformity or damage?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
7
INSPECTION OF SMALL-TYPE TURBOCHARGER SHAFT AND BEARING
•  Open the compressor bypass valve and verify that the rotation is smooth using a long object (long rod) from the intake air side.
Caution
•  Do not apply excessive load. Otherwise, the compressor wheel could be damaged.
•  Do not use a long object made of a hard material. Otherwise, it could cause damage to the compressor wheel.
•  Is the part normal?
Yes
The turbocharger is normal.
No
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)


Oil leakage inspection on turbine side

Possible cause

MALFUNCTION OCCURRENCE LOCATION

PHENOMENON

CAUSE

INSPECTION ORDER
Large-type turbocharger center housing
Oil leakage
Cracks
Foreign matter adhering to seal surface
1
Small-type turbocharger center housing
Oil leakage
Cracks
Foreign matter adhering to seal surface
2
Large-type turbocharger shaft or bearing
Sticking or dislodged, broken large-type compressor installation nut
Foreign matter penetration
Deficient lubrication
3
Small-type turbocharger shaft or bearing
Sticking or dislodged, broken small-type compressor installation nut
Foreign matter penetration
Deficient lubrication
4
Large-type turbine wheel
Wheel damage or sticking
Foreign matter penetration
Rotation exceeds threshold maximum
5

Oil leakage inspection on turbine side

STEP

INSPECTION

RESULTS

ACTION
1
INSPECT FOR OIL LEAKAGE FROM LARGE-TYPE TURBOCHARGER CENTER HOUSING
•  Are there any cracks on the large-type turbocharger center housing?
•  Is there any oil leakage?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Inspect the vacuum pipe.
If it is normal, go to the next step.
If there is any malfunction, repair or replace the malfunctioning part.
2
INSPECT FOR OIL LEAKAGE FROM SMALL-TYPE TURBOCHARGER CENTER HOUSING
•  Are there any cracks on the small-type turbocharger center housing?
•  Is there any oil leakage?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
3
LARGE-TYPE TURBOCHARGER SHAFT AND BEARING INSPECTION
•  Rotate the induction side by hand and inspect for play in the axial direction.
•  Does the shaft not rotate smoothly or is there play of 0.5 mm {0.02 in} or more?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
4
INSPECTION OF SMALL-TYPE TURBOCHARGER SHAFT AND BEARING
•  Open the compressor bypass valve and verify that the rotation is smooth using a long object (long rod) from the intake air side.
Caution
•  Do not apply excessive load. Otherwise, the compressor wheel could be damaged.
•  Do not use a long object made of a hard material. Otherwise, it could cause damage to the compressor wheel.
•  Is the part normal?
Yes
Go to Step 11 of the Small-type turbocharger charging deficiency inspection (single-unit inspection).
No
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
5
LARGE-TYPE TURBINE WHEEL INSPECTION
•  Remove the catalytic converter and visually inspect the wheel condition from the exhaust gas side.
•  Is there deformity or damage?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
The turbocharger is normal.


Abnormal Noise Inspection

Possible cause

MALFUNCTION OCCURRENCE LOCATION

PHENOMENON

CAUSE

INSPECTION ORDER
Large-type compressor wheel
Wheel damage or sticking
Foreign matter penetration
Rotation exceeds threshold maximum
1
Large-type turbocharger shaft or bearing
Sticking or dislodged, broken large-type compressor installation nut
Foreign matter penetration
Deficient lubrication
2
Small-type compressor wheel
Wheel damage or sticking
Foreign matter penetration
Rotation exceeds threshold maximum
3
Small-type turbocharger shaft or bearing
Sticking or dislodged, broken small-type compressor installation nut
Foreign matter penetration
Deficient lubrication
4
Large-type turbine wheel
Wheel damage or sticking
Foreign matter penetration
Rotation exceeds threshold maximum
5

Abnormal noise inspection

STEP

INSPECTION

RESULTS

ACTION
1
LARGE-TYPE COMPRESSOR WHEEL INSPECTION
•  Remove the intake air hose and, using a mirror, visually inspect the wheel condition from the intake air side.
•  Is there deformity or damage?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
2
LARGE-TYPE TURBOCHARGER SHAFT AND BEARING INSPECTION
•  Rotate the induction side by hand and inspect for play in the axial direction.
•  Does the shaft not rotate smoothly or is there play of 0.5 mm {0.02 in} or more?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
3
INSPECTION OF SMALL-TYPE COMPRESSOR WHEEL
•  Open the compressor bypass valve and visually inspect the wheel condition from the intake air side.
•  Is there deformity or damage?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
Go to the next step.
4
INSPECTION OF SMALL-TYPE TURBOCHARGER SHAFT AND BEARING
•  Open the compressor bypass valve and verify that the rotation is smooth using a long object (long rod) from the intake air side.
Caution
•  Do not apply excessive load. Otherwise, the compressor wheel could be damaged.
•  Do not use a long object made of a hard material. Otherwise, it could cause damage to the compressor wheel.
•  Is the part normal?
Yes
Go to Step 11 of the Small-type turbocharger charging deficiency inspection (single-unit inspection).
No
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
5
LARGE-TYPE TURBINE WHEEL INSPECTION
•  Remove the catalytic converter and visually inspect the wheel condition from the exhaust gas side.
•  Is there deformity or damage?
Yes
Replace the turbocharger.
(See TURBOCHARGER REMOVAL/INSTALLATION [SKYACTIV-D 2.2].)
No
The turbocharger is normal.