Manuals through 2025 now available!
Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.
LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!
Link:
lemon-manuals.la or
lemon-manuals.org.ua
(Some people have issue connecting. LEMON is investigating. For now, use Firefox or change your DNS server)
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Oxygen Sensor: Description and Operation
The
oxygen sensor installed in the exhaust manifold, senses the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas and feeds it back to the ECU. The ECU then judges if the air/fuel ratio is richer or leaner as compared to the ideal ratio and provides feedback control to adjust the air/fuel ratio to the ideal ratio where the emission purification rate of the three-way catalytic converter is optimum.