Diagnostic Routine A
Diagnostic Routine A
Diagnostic Overview
Engine Does Not Crank (Without Intelligent Access)
Refer to Wiring Diagram Set 20 for schematic and connector information Electrical Diagrams.
Normal Operation and Fault Conditions
Under normal conditions when the ignition switch is turned to the START position, the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) receives a voltage input signal to crank the engine. When the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) receives the correct inputs from the TCM (Transmission Control Module) that the gear selector is in PARK or NEUTRAL as determined by the TR (Transmission Range) sensor (vehicles equipped with an automatic transmission) or from the CPP (Clutch Pedal Position) switch indicating the clutch pedal is fully pressed (vehicles equipped with manual transmission), the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) supplies voltage and ground to the starter relay coil. The energized coil causes the starter relay contacts to close. This allows voltage to be supplied from the BJB (Battery Junction Box) to the starter solenoid coil. The starter solenoid coil is grounded at the starter motor. Energizing the starter solenoid closes the solenoid contacts allowing voltage directly from the battery to the starter motor, engaging the starter drive into the ring gear, causing the engine to crank. The PCM (Powertrain Control Module) disengages the starter motor once an engine RPM (Revolutions Per Minute) threshold is reached, a set crank time is exceeded or the ignition switch has been turned to the OFF position.
DTC Fault Trigger Conditions
Visual Inspection and Diagnostic Pre-checks
- Inspect the battery.
- Inspect the battery cables.
- Inspect high current BJB (Battery Junction Box) connections.
- Inspect BJB (Battery Junction Box) fuse 13 (30A).
- Inspect BCM (Body Control Module) fuse 78 (5A).
- Inspect the CPP (Clutch Pedal Position) switch (manual transmission only).
- Inspect the starter motor.
- Inspect the IKT (Integrated Keyhead Transmitter).
- Inspect the starter relay.
Special Tool(s)
Pinpoint Test
1. CHECK THE BATTERY
1. Check the battery condition and state of charge. REFER to Diagnostic Routine A: Battery Condition Test Pinpoint Tests.
Is the battery OK?
2. RETRIEVE DTCs (Diagnostic Trouble Codes)
1. Ignition ON.
2. Using a scan tool, perform self-tests for:
- BCM (Body Control Module).
- PCM (Powertrain Control Module).
- TCM (Transmission Control Module).
Are any DTCs (Diagnostic Trouble Codes) present?
3. CHECK THE IN GEAR-TRANSMISSION IS APPLYING A LOAD TO ENGINE (IN_GEAR) PID (Parameter Identification)
1. Using a scan tool, view the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) PIDs (Parameter Identifications).
2. While observing the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) PID (Parameter Identification) IN_GEAR, place the gear selector in PARK and then NEUTRAL.
Does the PID (Parameter Identification) read No in both positions?
4. CHECK THE PARK/NEUTRAL CIRCUIT FOR A SHORT TO VOLTAGE
1. Ignition OFF.
2. Disconnect: PCM (Powertrain Control Module) C175B.
3. Disconnect: TCM (Transmission Control Module) C1750A.
4. Ignition ON.
5. Measure:
Is any voltage present?
5. CHECK THE PARK/NEUTRAL CIRCUIT FOR AN OPEN
1. Ignition OFF.
2. Measure:
Is the resistance less than 3 ohms?
6. CHECK THE TRANSMISSION RANGE INPUT ALLOWING ENGINE START (TR_CRANK) AND IN GEAR-TRANSMISSION IS APPLYING A LOAD TO ENGINE (IN_GEAR) PIDs (Parameter Identifications)
1. Connect: PCM (Powertrain Control Module) C175B.
2. Connect: TCM (Transmission Control Module) C1750A.
3. Ignition ON.
4. Using a scan tool, view the TCM (Transmission Control Module) PIDs (Parameter Identifications).
5. While observing the TCM (Transmission Control Module) PID (Parameter Identification) TR_CRANK, place the gear selector in PARK and then NEUTRAL.
6. Using a scan tool, view the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) PIDs (Parameter Identifications).
7. While observing the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) PID (Parameter Identification) IN_GEAR, place the gear selector in PARK and then NEUTRAL.
Does the TCM (Transmission Control Module) PID (Parameter Identification) TR_CRANK read YES and the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) PID (Parameter Identification) IN_GEAR read NO in both positions?
7. CHECK FOR DTC (Diagnostic Trouble Code) WITH TCM (Transmission Control Module) DISCONNECTED
1. Ignition OFF.
2. Disconnect: TCM (Transmission Control Module) C1750A.
3. Ignition ON.
4. Using a scan tool, perform PCM (Powertrain Control Module) self-test.
Was DTC (Diagnostic Trouble Code) P0851 retrieved on-demand during self-test?
8. CHECK THE PARK/NEUTRAL CIRCUIT FOR A SHORT TO GROUND
1. Ignition OFF.
2. Disconnect: PCM (Powertrain Control Module) C175B.
3. Measure:
Is the resistance greater than 10,000 ohms?
9. CHECK THE CLUTCH PEDAL AT OR NEAR BOTTOM OF TRAVEL (CPP_BOT) PID (Parameter Identification)
1. Using a scan tool, view the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) PIDs (Parameter Identifications).
2. While observing the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) PID (Parameter Identification) CPP_BOT, fully apply the clutch pedal and release.
Does the PID (Parameter Identification) change from NO to YES when the clutch pedal is fully applied?
10. CHECK THE ENGINE CRANKING (ENG_CRANK) PID (Parameter Identification)
1. Using a scan tool, view the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) PIDs (Parameter Identifications).
2. NOTE: For manual transmission, fully apply the clutch pedal.
Make sure the transmission is in PARK or NEUTRAL.
3. While holding the key in the START position, using a scan tool, monitor the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) PID (Parameter Identification) ENG_CRANK.
Does the PID (Parameter Identification) change from Inactive to Active?
11. CHECK THE STARTER RELAY CONTROL OPERATION
NOTICE: The following step uses a test light to simulate normal circuit loads. Use only the test light recommended in the Special Tools table at the beginning of this system. To avoid connector terminal damage, use the Flex Probe Kit for the test light probe connection to the vehicle. Do not use the test light probe directly on any connector.
1. Remove the starter relay.
2. Measure:
3. NOTE: For manual transmission, fully apply the clutch pedal.
Make sure the transmission is in PARK or NEUTRAL.
4. While holding the key in the START position, observe the test light.
Does the test light illuminate when the key is in the START position?
12. CHECK THE VOLTAGE TO THE STARTER RELAY
1. Measure:
Is the voltage greater than 11 volts?
13. CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR OPERATION AT THE STARTER RELAY
1. Ignition OFF.
2. With the transmission in PARK or NEUTRAL, momentarily connect a fused jumper wire:
Did the starter engage and the engine crank?
14. CHECK THE BATTERY GROUND CABLES
1. Measure:
Are the voltages greater than 11 volts?
15. CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR GROUND
1. Measure:
Is the voltage greater than 11 volts?
16. CHECK THE VOLTAGE TO THE STARTER MOTOR
1. Measure:
Is the voltage greater than 11 volts?
17. CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR FOR CORRECT OPERATION
1. With the transmission in PARK or NEUTRAL, momentarily connect a fused jumper wire:
Did the starter engage and the engine crank?
18. CHECK FOR START INPUT AT THE STARTER
1. Connect: Starter Relay.
2. Disconnect: Starter Solenoid C197B.
3. NOTE: For manual transmission, fully apply the clutch pedal.
While holding the key in the START position, measure:
Is the voltage greater than 11 volts?
19. CHECK THE PCM (Powertrain Control Module) STARTER RELAY CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TO GROUND
1. Ignition OFF.
2. Disconnect: ACM (Audio Control Module) C240A.
3. Disconnect: PCM (Powertrain Control Module) C175B.
4. Measure:
Are the resistances greater than 10,000 ohms?
20. CHECK THE PCM (Powertrain Control Module) STARTER RELAY CIRCUITS FOR AN OPEN
1. Measure:
Are the resistances less than 3 ohms?
21. CHECK THE CRANK DETECT CIRCUIT FOR VOLTAGE AT THE PCM (Powertrain Control Module)
1. Ignition OFF.
2. Disconnect: PCM (Powertrain Control Module) C175B.
3. While holding the key in the START position, measure:
Is the voltage greater than 11 volts?
22. CHECK THE IGNITION SWITCH
1. Ignition OFF.
2. Carry out the Ignition Switch Component Test.
Did the ignition switch pass the component test?
23. CHECK THE CPP (Clutch Pedal Position) SWITCH
1. Ignition OFF.
2. Disconnect: PCM (Powertrain Control Module) C175B.
3. While fully applying the clutch pedal, measure:
Is the resistance less than 3 ohms?
24. CHECK THE CPP (Clutch Pedal Position) GROUND CIRCUIT FOR AN OPEN
1. Disconnect: CPP (Clutch Pedal Position) Switch.
2. Measure:
Is the resistance less than 3 ohms?
25. CHECK THE CPP (Clutch Pedal Position) SWITCH CIRCUIT FOR AN OPEN
1. Measure:
Is the resistance less than 3 ohms?
26. CHECK FOR CORRECT PCM (Powertrain Control Module) OPERATION
1. Ignition OFF.
2. Disconnect and inspect all PCM (Powertrain Control Module) connectors.
3. Repair:
- corrosion (install new connectors or terminals - clean module pins)
- damaged or bent pins - install new terminals/pins
- pushed-out pins - install new pins as necessary
4. Reconnect the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) connectors. Make sure they seat and latch correctly.
5. Operate the system and determine if the concern is still present.
Is the concern still present?
27. CHECK FOR CORRECT TCM (Transmission Control Module) OPERATION
1. Ignition OFF.
2. Disconnect and inspect all TCM (Transmission Control Module) connectors.
3. Repair:
- corrosion (install new connectors or terminals - clean module pins)
- damaged or bent pins - install new terminals/pins
- pushed-out pins - install new pins as necessary
4. Reconnect the TCM (Transmission Control Module) connectors. Make sure they seat and latch correctly.
5. Operate the system and determine if the concern is still present.
Is the concern still present?
28. CHECK FOR DTC (Diagnostic Trouble Code) WITH CPP (Clutch Pedal Position) SWITCH DISCONNECTED
1. Ignition OFF.
2. Disconnect: CPP (Clutch Pedal Position) Switch.
3. Ignition ON.
4. Using a scan tool, perform BCM (Body Control Module) self-test.
Was DTC (Diagnostic Trouble Code) P0833:23 retrieved during on-demand self-test with the CPP (Clutch Pedal Position) switch disconnected?
29. CHECK THE CLUTCH BOTTOM TRAVEL CIRCUIT FOR A SHORT TO GROUND
1. Ignition OFF.
2. Disconnect: BCM (Body Control Module) C2280A.
3. Disconnect: PCM (Powertrain Control Module) C175B.
4. Measure:
Is the resistance greater than 10,000 ohms?
30. CHECK FOR CORRECT BCM (Body Control Module) OPERATION
1. Ignition OFF.
2. Disconnect and inspect all BCM (Body Control Module) connectors.
3. Repair:
- corrosion (install new connectors or terminals - clean module pins)
- damaged or bent pins - install new terminals/pins
- pushed-out pins - install new pins as necessary
4. Reconnect the BCM (Body Control Module) connectors. Make sure they seat and latch correctly.
5. Reconnect the CPP (Clutch Pedal Position) switch.
6. Reconnect the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) C175B.
7. Operate the system and determine if the concern is still present.
Is the concern still present?
