Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
Manuals through 2025 now available!

Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.

LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!

Link: lemon-manuals.la or lemon-manuals.org.ua

(Some people have issue connecting. LEMON is investigating. For now, use Firefox or change your DNS server)

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Electrolyte Freezing

The freezing point of electrolyte depends on the specific gravity of the electrolyte, or state of charge. Since freezing may ruin a battery, protect the battery against freezing by keeping the battery charged. As long as the green dot shows in the built-in hydrometer, the battery will not freeze unless the temperature drops below -32°C (-25°F). A fully charged battery will not freeze unless the temperature drops below -54°C (-65°F).