Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
Manuals through 2025 now available!

Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.

LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!

Link: lemon-manuals.la or lemon-manuals.org.ua

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Fuel Injector ON Time



Fuel Injection Timing

The period of time the fuel injector nozzle tips are energized (injector "on-time" or pulse width) is controlled by the powertrain control module . The pulse width is calculated by input data received from the heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) (9F472) , barometric pressure sensor (BARO), mass air flow sensor, engine coolant temperature sensor (ECT sensor) (12A648) , engine rpm (PIP), intake air temperature sensor (IAT sensor) (12A697) , and time since engine start-up.