Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
Manuals through 2025 now available!

Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.

LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!

Link: lemon-manuals.la or lemon-manuals.org.ua

(Some people have issue connecting. LEMON is investigating. For now, use Firefox or change your DNS server)

Or, hide this message: temporarily or permanently

49 State

Catalytic Convertor:






PURPOSE
The dual catalytic converter is a Three-Way Catalytic Converter (TWC), combined with the Oxidation Catalytic Converter (OC). The dual catalytic converter is not only effective for catalyzing the oxidation reactions of HC and CO, but it also catalyzes the reduction of NOx. This is accomplished in connection with the Secondary Air Injection (AIR) System.

CONSTRUCTION
The catalyst material inside the converter is made of a ceramic substrate coated with catalytically active, precious metals.