Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
Manuals through 2025 now available!

Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.

LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!

Link: lemon-manuals.la or lemon-manuals.org.ua

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Catalytic Converter: Description and Operation

The three way catalytic converter:
- is mounted in the engine exhaust stream.
- plays a major role in the emission control system.
- works as a gas reactor.
- provides catalytic function to speed up the heat-producing chemical reaction between components of the exhaust gases in order to reduce the air pollutants.
- houses catalyst material inside the converter made of a ceramic substrate. This is coated with a high surface area alumina and impregnated with catalytically active platinum.
- provides access to the surface of the catalyst material that plays a major role in the heat-producing chemical reaction.