Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
Manuals through 2025 now available!

Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.

LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!

Link: lemon-manuals.la or lemon-manuals.org.ua

(Some people have issue connecting. LEMON is investigating. For now, use Firefox or change your DNS server)

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Test D





Pinpoint Test D: Straightline Driveline Wind-up

Normal Operation

In order for the 4WD system to function correctly, tires and wheels must be the same size, be in good condition, and the front and rear axle ratios must match.

Possible Causes

- unmatched tire sizes
- unequal amounts of tire wear
- unequal tire inflation pressures
- unmatched front and rear axle ratios

Note: 4x4 high/low (4H/4L) is not intended for driving on hard/dry surfaces.

Pinpoint Test D1 - D5: