Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
Manuals through 2025 now available!

Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.

LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!

Link: lemon-manuals.la or lemon-manuals.org.ua

(Some people have issue connecting. LEMON is investigating. For now, use Firefox or change your DNS server)

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Test D: Electronic Shift Functional Test

Pinpoint Test D: Electronic Shift Functional Test

Normal Operation
When the vehicle is operating in 4x4 HIGH or 4x4 LOW, all 4 wheels rotate at the same speed. The amount of traction the vehicle can achieve is dependent on the amount of traction each tire can establish with the road surface. In order for the 4WD system to operate correctly, each wheel/tire assembly must have matching sizes and the front and rear axle ratios must match.

Possible Causes
^ 4WD indicators
^ 4WD control module
^ Transfer case and related components
^ Wheel/tire assemblies

D1-D3:




D3-D7:




D8-D12:




D13-D18:




D19-D20: